Jan

4

European Natural gas - not that far to test 2024 lows, and perhaps even pre-Ukraine-war levels eventually? Peace coming (?) Or general decline in Gas prices (US natty has gone the other direction for a while).

"Price move first - fundamentals later." When something moves (even though I don't trade it - or have expertise in it yet), I often look at it and wonder what it could mean. Mass financial media hasn't picked up on this theme either (much) - another reason to consider what it means…

Carder Dimitroff comments:

For me, this is an important observation. EU-US fundamentals have changed. The current US administration "encouraged" the EU to accept US LNG imports. At the same time, US LNG export capacity has increased. For Europe, the supply-demand dynamics changed. In the next several months, it will continue to change:

• 14.49 Bcfd US LNG export capacity - current.
• 21.81 Bcfd US LNG export capacity - under construction.
• 13.24 Bcfd US LNG export capacity - approved but not under construction.
• 12.49 Bcfd US LNG export capacity - proposed and seeking approval.

Most of this LNG use capacity uses, and will use, Texas/Louisiana natural gas as its feedstock. Feedstock and LNG prices will likely be correlated with Henry Hub prices. If most of this capacity is built, the following trends are likely to emerge:

• US citygate (NG) average prices will float higher.
• US LMP (electric) average prices will float higher.
• US NGL average prices will sink.
• EU NG average NG and LMP prices will stabilize.

More importantly, global LNG markets are changing and will continue to change. Keep in mind:

• Global LNG capacity is expanding
• The US is not the LNG cost leader and never can be.
• As the US dominates EU imports, global markets adjusted accordingly.

Of course, traders should be indifferent about these long-term fundamentals. But long-term investors might consider options.

Stefan Jovanovich asks:

Follow-up question for Carder and others: "What do you think about the Doombird thesis that the Permian drillers and the mid-stream connectors will shift to have natural gas be the hydrocarbon asset that they look to make money from and oil will be the secondary source of income?"

Carder Dimitroff replies:

If the question concerns long-term prospects, global demand for diesel, jet fuel, plastics, and related products is expected to grow. Gasoline consumption may be slowing, but it is not crashing. But who knows where the economy is headed?

For the US, natural gas as a bridging fuel makes sense if it can reach consumers. In the US, domestic delivery is a problem. Globally, LNG delivery is also a problem, but for different reasons. Because they deliver to Henry Hub, producers should be indifferent between the two markets. Beyond Henry, LNG is becoming increasingly accessible, whereas citygates will continue to struggle.

The US is also a net exporter of oil and oil products. Again, the product supports two separate markets.

Most Permian wells produce oil and associated gas (and they are getting gassier). It's not a choice. They get both.

For me, the short-term challenge is global overproduction. Geopolitical considerations rather than economic factors drive the decision to overproduce and erode margins. It will end, and the markets will revert. Until then, it will be difficult for American producers to finance new wells.

Dec

23

Fascinating to watch how former low status jobs, like cybersecurity, have become high status now. Same is true the other way around as well (eg (male) technician at the London tube system who makes a quarter of his wife who is in real estate - although that is changing now). Wondering what low type jobs / or ppl are on the fringes today will be in high demand in coming years.

Carder Dimitroff responds:

Try these:

Any of the crafts. Specifically, licensed electricians, plumbers, and HVAC techs. Many make more than engineers.

Public response teams. Specifically, firefighters, EMTs, and law enforcement. Many make more than lawyers, particularly when pensions are considered.

Career military. Specifically, for those with 20 years of service. Lifetime benefits are incredible (free college, unlimited grad schools, pensions w/colas, lifetime medical insurance, VA benefits, hiring preferences).

Pamela Van Giessen suggests:

Car mechanics

Henry Gifford writes:

My friend who fixed boilers said to his sophisticated, suit-and-tie, well educated in-laws “I’m not the smartest guy around. I’ve only read two or three books in my life. I don’t think I’m smart enough to come up with a sophisticated investment plan (nods all around the room at this point). So I just buy one piece of New York City real estate each year and hope for the best”. No more nodding at that point.

Guess what blue collar people who don’t have vices do with their money? They buy property. Who is better suited to own real estate? People who fix things and have friends who fix things, or lawyers?

And what nobody mentions is that some people are much better at those sorts of work than others. Simply finding someone to show up and try to do those things is hard. Someone who is good at one of those trades is in even higher demand.

Those fantastic benefits for former military people are not limited to the military – all federal employees get all those benefits after twenty years of work. If someone joins the military at 18, and gets out at 38, or gets out sooner and then works in the post office or etc. until they “get their twenty”, they get full salary with increases for life. Income that will survive any lawsuit, even the IRS can’t take it all. They maybe collect a total of three years of salary for every year worked.

Nils Poertner responds:

Certainly good to encourage young men (or women) to follow a path that interests them - and not just follow a path that is currently "high status". This "Yousef" guy who was my IT guy at Bankers Trust decades ago (low status in my eyes back then) became a cyberpunk in 2008…you get the idea. That said, it is a power game outside. young men need wives etc.

Henry Gifford adds:

I judge the level of a single woman’s interest in me by counting the seconds until she says “what do you do?”.

No woman has ever asked me if I like what I do, or am good at what I do – not important.

Many men have a choice between coming home miserable to a wife, or coming home happy to an empty house. Age old dilemma, no known fix, as all our DNA has evolved to enhance survival, which for a woman over the millennia has meant marrying the chief’s son, or someone else with high status.

Larry Williams recalls:

When I was dating all women ever asked me is your place or mine. Must have been doing something wrong.

Michael Brush is curious:

Do you have a cycle chart for that?

Larry Williams clarifies:

Yes but there are not enough examples to draw a conclusion.

Dec

21

Idea for younger Specs: In School, some of us studied old languages, Latin, ancient Greek, one had to sit 1 hour to figure out what individual words could mean. And then put it all together. One could have the same approach for reading modern newspaper articles now. like this WSJ article here (I know that ppl can read "English" - I meant in a more reflective way. "Get the joke")

Five Reasons Investors Are Feeling Good About Stocks Again

and then check /study with "expected" vs "actual" in 1 week, 1 month, 1 quarter etc,
on a rolling basis to hone intuition /train memory.

Stefan Jovanovich recalls:

Arthur Sullivan - "no, I am not a descendant of the composer, whom none of you dunces will have heard of. He was English; I am Irish." - remains my favorite of all teachers. He lasted 1 year at Hackley - then a borstal boarding school for children who had to be warehoused, now a respectable Westchester County day school. He taught 9th grade Latin and turned it into a lesson in military tactics and strategy. The little Latin and less Greek are long gone, but I can still see his face and those of my classmates the day he explained to us how Caesar used a company of archers to conduct reconnaissance by fire.

Dec

19

Often when I listen to specs I hear "off-topic" book recommendations. Examples:

"The most important book to do with trading is Secrets of Professional Turf Betting by Robert Bacon" — The Chair. A book about parimutuel horse betting.

"The most important book to do with the stock market is Horse Trading by Ben Green" — A game theorist & friend of The Chair. A book about selling horses

"I can find new trading strategies on almost every new page (Thinking Fast and Slow by Daniel Khaneman)" — The Chair's Brother (Mr. Roy Niederhoffer). A psychology book

"Our entire investment philosophy is based off this book (Snow Crash by Neal Stephenson) — Fred Wilson of Union Square Ventures, a Tier 1 VC firm. Its a sci-fi book.

"One of the most important things you can learn todo with investing is creative writing" — Jeffrey Hirsch. Not a book but still an off-topic research recommendation.

I have never regretted reading an "off-topic" book. Any more of such recommendations?

Nils Poertner responds:

Coaching Plain & Simple, by P. Szabo, D. Meier (book about learning - how to coach oneself in a way)

Asindu - what books to get rid off, to burn, what is an obstacle in your life is also relevant. Early 2008, I visited a French friend on Lehman trading floor in London. V nice guy, senior analyst for their credit models, high IQ 130 plus, bit gullible though. He was surrounded by over 20 books of advanced math on either side of his desk. I had the urge to get a huge sledgehammer and whack down the books…you know.

Larry Williams suggests:

Zurich axioms. A must read.

Peter Ringel agrees with Larry:

I have them on my wall. Besides some of the lists by Vic, Larry, Adam Grimes and some other. Valuable.

And did you find the Daily Speculations booklist?

Asindu Drileba writes:

Yes. I forgot about Zurich Axioms. Thanks. This Daily Speculations list is good, I actually wasn't aware of it.

Dec

18

There is this known phenomenon that coffee chains (Starbucks, Costa Coffee) in a city are often next to each other. Same for gas (petrol) Stations. Makes no sense for the customer but applying game theory it certainly does.

Perhaps the same could be said for analysts forecasts by major broker dealers?

Early 2010 (pre Eurocrisis) I recall speaking to a Deutsche Banker covering Italian regional banks. She said she would have loved to write a more bearish story but was afraid of internal repercussions (as they were trying to win other business from those Italian banks).

Dec

16

Only the Paranoid Survive

written by another smart Hungarian (who came to the US). Andy Grove (late Intel CEO), real name is Gróf, András István. Jewish Hungarian middle class. András Gróf was born to a middle-class Jewish family in Budapest in 1936.

typically it does not pay to be surrounded by paranoid ppl in business or speculating (one reason I don't like preppers in my vicinity as they irritate me too much) -OTOH, perhaps there is some value to adding here and there a friend who is a bit paranoid at times.

Dec

15

No comment needed.

The Harvard Club of New York Cancels Dershowitz Book Event

The Harvard Club of New York is being accused of censorship after abruptly cancelling a book event featuring famed Harvard professor Alan Dershowitz. In a statement, Dershowitz says that invitations were sent out and the event was approaching when he was suddenly told that the Harvard Club would have none of it. He blamed his representation of President Donald Trump for the cancellation. For a club that bills itself as offering “unique experiences,” it appears that hearing from opposing or different views is not one of them. Dershowitz has been associated with Harvard for over 60 years and remains one of its best known law faculty members.

Nils Poertner comments:

Large Universities in the US, Canada and parts of Europe are doomed beyond repair. No error correction process happening- built through collapse.

Henry Gifford writes:

Harvard was just used as an example when Trump tried to cancel “their” research funding (polite word for money). I didn’t pay attention to the details of the outcome - the point got made that universities better step into line.

Sure, Trump’s objection had something to do with DEI and being too liberal, but as all colleges are dependent on not paying taxes, and on government loans for most tuition, and government research money, they can hardly be anything but socialist in thinking, and can be expected I think to stay that way.

If they paid taxes and people had to pay to go there and research had to be paid for by someone spending their own money things would, I think, be greatly improved, but that is not the world we live in.
The government is basically paying the universities to breed socialism. In New York City we even have colleges that teach people to be bureaucrats.

Dec

6

Sancho Panza's Porverbs and others that occur in Don Quixote

half of the proverbs contain the word "ass" in it - like this one which I found timely:

When the broom sprouts, the ass is born to eat it.

Nov

28

Anyone have any favorite good luck charms/rituals to help with trading results?

Peter Ringel writes:

some of the old floor traders, we had on this list, reported how superstitious some of the traders were. Cloths, bathroom time…

Asindu Drileba comments:

Lucky charms may sound delusional but they are actually more common than we think. They are more like placebos. I take pill X, my headache goes away. (But pill X is made from wheat flour and a bitter "filler" and has exactly zero pharmaceutical contents, yet it works).

Have you ever pushed the button that opens the door of an elevator? Well, those buttons are completely fake! Elevator doors are pre-programmed to open and close at hard coded intervals. Pushing the button does nothing. They simply exist to give people a sense of control.

Nils Poertner writes:

To have a strong belief one can learn (from mkts or others) is a good start.
ie allowing for mistakes to happen, not fretting them. (many cultures are guilt-ridden, like the German culture on so many fronts. All it takes is sometimes to muster up enough courage and learn from mistakes and don't judge).

Zubin Al Genubi offers:

I'm reading Kidding Ourselves, Hidden Power of Self Deception, by Hallinan, in which he describes real physical and psychological effects of psychosomatic causes such as death, hallucinations. You see what you want to see. You are and become what you believe yourself to be. It affects health, performance, money. He also describes how a feeling of lack of control can be debilitating and even deadly. Some feel a lack of control in that they don't control the market, but one can easily (physically at least) click the keys to buy and sell any time.

From scientific studies: Our results suggest that the activation of a superstition can indeed yield performance-improving effects.

Nov

25

Zapped: From Infrared to X-rays, the Curious History of Invisible Light

From beloved popular science writer Bob Berman, ZAPPED tells the story of all the light we cannot see, tracing infrared, microwaves, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays, radio waves and other forms of radiation from their historic, world-altering discoveries in the 19th century to their central role in our modern way of life, setting the record straight on health costs (and benefits) and exploring the consequences of our newest technologies.

Nils Poertner suggests:

The HoHo Dojo, by Billy Strean.

Laughter and humor are therapeutic allies in healing.

Nov

23

Whether it is the "Mambani win", Brexit, Covid, Ukraine war, whatever - had someone told me 6 months before that this could happen - the answer would have been "no-way…" whereas in 20-20 hindsight - it is always like "oh yes, there were obvious signs."

Zubin Al Genubi responds:

History is made on the edges by outliers which shifts the averages way over in its direction.

Nov

17

I see they are down [at least through Q2]:

FRED: Corporate Profits After Tax (without IVA and CCAdj)

Steve Ellison responds:

Interesting. S&P 500 earnings per share were up both year to date and year over year. And Q3 so far looks better than Q2.

S&P source spreadsheet: Click link to download file: S&P 500 Earnings.

Big Al wonders:

So maybe the big firms are doing better than the smaller ones?

Nils Poertner remembers:

Investment Bank earnings 2007…My very cerebral friend Maurice at the time: "IBs are cheap - look at their PE ratios."

Nov

13

The $38 Trillion Question: An Interview with Stanford Professor Hanno Lustig

Hanno Lustig: I started thinking about the valuation of government debt by looking at the valuation of all Treasuries. What do we have to believe to get to a number like $38 trillion? You must believe there will be a huge fiscal correction, because ultimately the value of debt should be backed by future primary government surpluses. When you do the numbers, you realize that either bond investors are pricing in a huge fiscal correction that seems impossible, or Treasuries are significantly overpriced.

Carder Dimitroff notes:

The interest on debt is approaching $1 trillion per year and continues to compound. Interest costs currently exceed Department of Defense spending.

Larry Williams disagrees:

Meaningless measure look at debt vs gdp

Carder Dimitroff responds:

Yes, that makes sense. However, from a different perspective, it becomes meaningful under the One Beautiful Budget Bill when automatic sequestrations are implemented. Unless new legislation is passed, sequestrations will result in Medicare cuts and other reductions in expenditures. Current projections suggest sequestration will present in early 2026.

Big Al checks with FRED:

Nils Poertner writes:

recession + zero short term rates + lots of QE ….leading to a lot more public debt
maybe that is more likely path.

Stefan Jovanovich offers some history:

This chart shows the solvency ratios that can be found from the Census and other data [by decade 1880 to 2020] - how much "we the people" have in money divided by how much the American governments promise to pay.

Nov

12

intellectual support / motivation to look at more extreme scenarios from time to time (extreme only appearing in the moment of course).

Hand writing: The Improbability Principle

The law of the probability lever is to do with choosing models. With poor assumptions even highly likely events can seem very improbable. Small changes in initial conditions can have an extremely large effect on outcomes.

Nov

9

Came to our financial firm 2007 and gave a 100 page presentation full of bullet points and cartesian logic (why housing boom will last). Either 3,5, or 9 bullet points per page.

At the end of the presentation I was tempted to go over to the presenter and ask him "why do you love your wife? (I didn't). The answer might have been bullet points.

Pamela Van Giessen writes:

Michael Korda tells in his memoir, Another Life, of the time that Simon & Schuster hired probably the same prestigious consulting firm to study how to improve revenues/profitability. Prestigious consulting firm (after taking the prestigious consulting firm fee) told the publishing company that they should publish more bestsellers.

Laurel Kenner comments:

I bet the prestigious firm concluded with ‘Key Takeaways’ as a final insult to the intelligence of the client.

Asindu Drileba writes:

I heard that people pay consultancy firms not for their knowledge, but for the fact that executives use them as a scape goat. If an executive wants to pursue policy X. They simply hire a consultancy to recommend policy X. If policy X ends up as a disaster (legally, morally or financially). They can simply say "Policy X was an idea from XYZ consultancy", we had nothing to do with it.

Peter Ringel adds:

a variation of this are fighting owners/ partners about policy. If decision pipelines are blocked, external council is used. Like a neutral arbitrator. I think, these are the main situations externals are used. Usually a good reason to short the entity, especially outside of markets. If they don't have the capability to decide and act on strategy in-house, it‘s a red flag.

Henry Gifford responds:

Even better is hiring a licensed engineer to instruct everyone to do something stupid that they know won’t work, so everyone who did as the engineer decided is blameless.

Jeff Watson offers:

A consultant is a person who knows 1000 ways to make love to a woman…..but he doesn’t know any women.

Oct

23

As a European, I am asking: Are US regional banks in trouble (maybe even some larger banks - incl Investment banks). Dodgy consumer loans, then those silly "AI-related" loans? Am agnostic here - I suspect the typical analyst from JPM down the road won't enlighten us here.

Paul O'Leary comments:

No. Looks like over-reaction to a couple credit blips. Then algos pile on and observers who don’t follow the sector conjure up doom scenarios. Zion Bancorp - the main sinner, lost $1B in market cap for a $50mm write down.

Nils Poertner responds:

Hear you, Paul. If enough people would start to worry now, I would worry less (let us see).

Cagdas Tuna adds:

We are at a level any reaction will be exaggerated. If market adds $200bln to NVDA market cap with additional $1blnn revenue then $50m loss will have the same effect on a smaller company's share.

Oct

17

You see things; and you say 'Why?' But I dream things that never were; and I say 'Why not?'
- George Bernard Shaw

English Cyperpunk /hacker I met in 2005 had this quote on his screen - and I recall him talking about some digital ccy back then (little did I know back then, was so busy structuring CDOs and keeping up with the Jones.

If we want to nail mkts in coming years and have some fun, it def pays to surround ourselves with ppl outside trad finance (group think!) - from the art, music, acting world, hacker etc…whatever.

There is a certain type of fatalism in the West as well (David Hand, the British statistician, speaks about it as well in his "miracle" book. It has something to do how we perceive the world.)

Oct

16

Saudi Arabia has announced the Rise Tower that is likely to have a height twice that of Burj Khalifa! 2000 meters up from the ground! It is likely to cost 5 Billion Dollars. One is left wondering in a world where everyone manages to almost manages to get decent enough sleep every night with Trillion Dollar deficits, what is Hubris doing having been left so far behind!

Nils Poertner writes:

Wondering what to make of this though, Sunil. Saudi Arabia's main stock Index (TASII peaked in 2006. and never fully recovered properly. Any idea how to express it into some trading idea so we can test our hypothesis?

William Huggins comments:

The 2006 Saudis run is very similar to the soul al manakh run up 20 years before. In particular for Saudis though, it's a market that forbid ahoet selling so when the bulls got started there was no guardrail until they simply could find no bigger fool.

Nils Poertner responds:

Thanks William. Maybe one needs to look at oil (bearish oil story?) - oil doesn't move forever and then it moves a lot. (not an oil trader though - just something that came to mind)

Alex Castaldo offers:

For those too young to remember the events of 1981:

The Souk al-Manakh Crash

From 1978 to 1981, Kuwait’s two stock markets, one the conservatively regulated “official” market and the other the unregulated Souk al-Manakh, exploded in size, growing to the point where the amount of capital actively traded exceeded that of every other country in the world except the United States and Japan. A year later, the system collapsed in an instant, causing huge real losses to the economy and financial disruption lasting nearly a decade. This Commentary examines the emergence of the Souk, the simple financial innovation that evolved to solve its rapidly increasing need for liquidity and credit, and the herculean efforts to solve the tangled problems resulting from the collapse. Two lessons of Kuwait’s crisis are that it is difficult to separate the banking and unregulated financial sectors and that regulators need detailed data on the transactions being conducted at all financial institutions to give them the understanding of the entire network they must have to maintain financial stability. If Kuwaiti officials had had transaction-by-transaction data on the trades being made in both the regulated and unregulated stock markets, then the Kuwaiti crisis and its aftermath might not have been so severe.

Oct

9

What is it with Hungarian Jewish who came to the US - so many of them achieved great things. My book shelf is full of them, Darvas (Trading), S Meisner (Acting)…..even my trading platform Interactive Brokers was founded by one (Thomas Peterffy).

Maybe a combo of rare language ??/ culture + hardship first + grid + ability to flourish in the US gave them superpower. Soros, I guess was (Jewish) Hungarian as well.

Venkatesh Medabalimi asks:

Where is my no.1 Hungarian? May I remind everyone about Paul Erdős.

Laurel Kenner offers:

An amusing book on the subject: Made in Hungary : Or Made by Hungarians, by György Bolgár.

Nils Poertner responds:

Thanks both. Found this on Erdős:

Paul Erdős: The Oddball’s Oddball

He would appear on the doorstep of fellow mathematicians without warning–a frail, disheveled, elderly man, hopped up on amphetamines and wearing a ratty raincoat–and announce, in a thick Hungarian accent, “My mind is open.” For a day, or a week or a month, the man or woman who answered the knock would have to take nonstop care of this helpless guest who couldn’t figure out how to cut a grapefruit or wash his underwear–and in return would be permitted the exhausting, exhilarating experience of following the thought processes of Paul Erdős, the most prolific and arguably the cleverest mathematician of the century.

Oct

1

Lebanese traders from the 1980s tell me how chaotic that decade was - high vol ever day - for yrs. Survival was key! Started reading every bit about it in the last few weeks. (The thing that Stefan is right about is that the self-image we have in West and realtiy - there is a huge gap for sure!! Am not speaking about military though - I meant anything else)

The Lebanese Economic Crisis: How It Happened; the Challenges that Lie Ahead
September 27, 2021

Lebanon is experiencing one of the worst economic collapses in recent history. The currency has lost more than 90 percent of its value; an estimated three in four Lebanese citizens are now below the poverty line, and the country is beset by food, gas, and medical shortages. The power grid can barely maintain electricity for cities, with frequent blackouts occurring. Finally, the country had to default on its debt payment, launching its debt crisis. The debt crisis didn’t come suddenly, but was building up over time due to economic decisions made by previous governments. To understand how this crisis came to be, an examination of Lebanon’s modern history is in order, starting with the civil war in 1975.

Larry Williams writes:

Chaotic? In 1973 Shearson AmEx had me go there to lecture an teach trading - some high flyer commodity mooches had come in and lost lots of $$ for some locals who did not understand margin calls. The high flyers from Chicago were found gutted on a barb wire fence out in the country! The war broke out we could not get out for about a week so hung low then finally bribed our way home.

Nils Poertner responds:

my 2 cents are on Larry and all savvy Lebanese traders going forward. Good idea to live in more rural areas in the US, UK etc to see things unfolding as well. And keeping the internal chatter to a minimum (as always).

Stefan Jovanovich analogizes:

If LW disagrees, he will, I hope, correct this latest folly from the List's history channel wannabe. The reason the Oregon Trail came first was that it was the one safe destination for the missionaries. The Indians of the rain forest coastal Northwest were the tribes with no history of revolt against the Brits, Russians and Americans. The wars on the Plains started when some smart money decided that they could colonize the spaces between Council Bluffs and the Dalles. That analogy comes to mind every time I look at the modern history of the adventures of the Americans in Lebanon.

Larry Williams offers:

My brother on law who is better read than I am an a deeper thinker says this is a good read on the western adventure:

The Undiscovered Country: Triumph, Tragedy, and the Shaping of the American West

Sep

28

Scale effects and full-scale ship hydrodynamics: A review

Scaling problems in ship design refer to the difficulties of translating performance data from a small-scale model to a full-scale ship, as physical forces like viscosity and wave drag do not scale proportionally with size.

Crypto space here? Trading strategies that work in niche mkts or early on, may not work when they are larger /more mature etc.

Henry Gifford writes:

The problems with water include the size of water droplets – they won’t form larger than a certain size – and Reynolds Number, which has to do with viscosity (mentioned below), and how to calculate it. Basically, a certain flow velocity in a small pipe (or river) will be turbulent, while in a larger pipe it might not.

Movies that use models of ships to show dramatic events with ships always show water droplets that are way, way too large, making it obvious to those who notice that they are looking at a model.

Nils Poertner responds:

Makes a lot of sense, Henry, thanks! (Equity sell-side analysts love to scale things (to the point it makes no sense anymore). Wile E. Coyote moment for NVDA et al coming soon perhaps.

Stefan Jovanovich predicts:

Grok - our FO's new member (he/she/it works for free like Harry Potter's Dobby) - thinks the moment will be 2031-32. [Click on chart at right.] We take the current AI events as a direct comparison to the creation of U.S. Steel.

Sep

23

health care costs, our Achilles heel.

Health Insurance Costs for Businesses to Rise by Most in 15 Years
Insurers say that the rising premiums are driven by growing healthcare costs

(on a personal note: no-one is really fully healthy, not even kids normally! science uses a lot of Aristotelian logic (which is an either/or logic) but there are limits to it - and we take it way beyond its usefulness. Nature does not have those clear mental compartments - it is way more fluid /dynamic).

Steve Ellison writes:

Until the public announcement that Warren Buffett had bought shares in UnitedHealth, health care was by far the worst performing of the 11 S&P 500 sectors in 2025.

Nils Poertner responds:

Yes, the whole sector / subindex looks bullish (XLV). (the type of logic in the West (logic from Aristoteles) that dominates MODERN SCIENCE cripples our society. Why? Because in many cases, whatever the doctor says, "it is not" - it is only an image of something abstract (like the apple painting by Rene Magritte).

Pamela Van Giessen comments:

We overconsume healthcare because we pay so much for insurance and/or our employers give it to us in lieu of salary so we want to get all we can for “free.” We’ve been conditioned to believe that if we visit doctors (though now we see PAs) and get “check ups” and “tests” regularly and take pills to manage our bodies and minds in perpetuity that we won’t get seriously ill. Has got to be the biggest subscription scam ever perpetuated on a society.

Perhaps some spec would like to pull out the data and do some forensic financial analysis of all those hospital system balance sheets. I think that fully 1/3rd or more of hospital systems are owned by private equity firms and the bulk of non-profit hospital systems are extracting meaningful sums from the business regardless of how “healthy” their margins look on their financial statements. From an equity perspective the biz may have looked lousy but I can promise that it is extraordinarily profitable for the inside players.

Jeffrey Hirsch adds:

Not only is it a total scam, but it gets in the way of real needed pharmaceutical/medical care and completely ignores metabolic healthcare via lifestyle and diet changes.

Too bad RFK is all wrapped up in his vaccine crusade to focus on the real USA health crisis with obesity and metabolic health, which causes diabetes, heart disease, cancer and cognitive decline. I think the covid vax is total BS as are others. But MMR and most childhood vaccines save lives. We had a measles outbreak in Rockland County a few years back because some communities did not vaccinate.

We should also flip the old USDA Food upside down. The chart is from my Doc’s paper. And my doc's site is Dr. Tro Kalayjian).

Sep

8

Dutch scientist Christiaan Huygens found in the 17th century that larger pendulum clocks will sync smaller ones.

Video by Veritasium: The Surprising Secret of Synchronization

Pendulums in the human world = our various belief systems (which are sometimes in competition to each other and go deep). Two examples perhaps: in finance: a trader has religious reasons why he /she does not think he deserves the STELLAR gains. Ways are found to turn accumulated gains into a loss! in health: why do some ppl stay sick and others recover miraculously against all odds?

Zubin Al Genubi writes:

The Kuramoto mathematical model describes synchrony in networks. The line between order and randomness occurs at the phase transition when the network nodes synchronize.

Building on Kuramoto's model, the Watts and Strogatz model makes testable predictions about interventions most likely to trigger cascades.

In small world network terms there are "vulnerable clusters" in the market. In market terms the vulnerable clusters are weak hands, funds faced with margin calls, or fund hitting a stop losses. Obvious 2d points or tipping points are stop points at prior lows. If a vulnerable cluster is close to the second tipping point, it can ignite a cascade.

Nils Poertner responds:

Mathematicians often find something which ordinary people know intuitively. 2 more examples:

1. Five teenagers bully a victim. Knock-out the strongest in the group and the rest will fall too (big bully was the dominant pendulum, trumping the small ones).

2. When the most valuable firm(s) in an index suddenly struggle (NVDA?), it often means bad things for wider index.

Asindu Drileba adds:

I found the same pattern in the "Complex Systems" community. An example in Secrets of Professional Turf Betting: The idea of "copper the public opinion" & "principle of ever changing cycles" are an intuitive description of the minority game & El farol Bar problem in complex systems. Statistical arbitrage is almost exactly what Robert Bacon describes as a "dutch book."

In Neil Johnson's Simply Complexity, he derives an insight that currency traders have (knowing what currency is "in play") using graph theory.

I think Simply Complexity is a very good book for speculators, since it uses accessible analogies and no complicated math. The book has a lot of analogies regarding the market. The most relevant section for Specs would be, Chapter 4: Mob Mentality (I however enjoyed the entire book).

A Few excerpts:

The bar-goers who tend to shift opinions about whether to go with history or against it, tend to lose more and hence eventually change their p value.

This reminded me of people that both go short & long in the market (I am long only). P is the probability of an event happening.

Figure 4.3 from the book and its caption:

We are naturally divided. The final arrangement of a collection of people, in the case of a bar where the comfort limit is around half the number of potential attendees. This shows the emergent phenomenon of a crowd who think that history repeats itself, and an anticrowd who think that the opposite will happen. Hence the population polarizes itself into two opposing groups. This polarization of the population represents a universal emergent phenomenon. It will arise to a greater or lesser extent in any Complex System involving collections of decision-making objects such as people, which are competing for some form of limited resource.

The figure is similar to the Arc Sin law of PnL. Something that appears in Ralph Vince's book The Mathematics of Money Management and Nassim Taleb's Dynamic Hedging. Unfortunately, I don't have a good intuition on the Arc Sin law of PnL.

Jul

23

Donald Trump set to open US retirement market to crypto investments
President preparing executive order to allow 401k plans to tap broad pool of alternative assets

Hm. Entry for ordinary folks or a sneak way / exit for established players? Have a got a picture of the angel fish in my office, to remind me of the deceptive nature of markets. Angler fish are those ambush predator fish living in deep sea, that can illuminate poles in front of their jaws….to catch smaller fish.

William Huggins writes:

am reading Gustavus Myers' History of Great American Fortunes (1907) at the moment and just absorbed 300 pages of railroad fraud perpetrated by those who got their hands on the "mcguffin" asset and then sold it off only once they had successfully looted the value. the same sort of economic transfer happens for early crypto adopters - those trillions of market cap are "paper only" until some rubes can be fleeced of their efforts for the worthless securities foisted upon them.

Stefan Jovanovich comments:

I hope this comment will not be read as argument or rebuttal but only as a factual footnote to Myers' work. The 50,000 shares issued by Fiske et. al. were "legal" in the same way that carried interest is "legal". They were allowed by New York State law in 1868.

The primary limitation on the issue of new shares of common stock for the Erie was its corporate charter. The board only had authority to issue $30 million in capital stock. Any issues above that amount required amendment of the corporate charter by the legislature and majority shareholder approval. The additional 50K of stock issued, at its par value, did not increase the total capitalization above the $30 million limit.

NY State law in 1868 allowed non-cash consideration. The contracts that the Erie board accepted as payment for the new shares were, in nominal dollars, fully equal to the par value of the shares issued. Shareholders had the right to challenge that claim; they were, as litigant frequently are, disappointed by the rejection of their challenge. The result was a situation that can be politely described as "judicial uncertainty" - i.e. a battle of conflicting injunctions.

Jun

27

Drive Yourself Sane: Using the Uncommon Sense of General Semantics, by Susan Presby Kodish

GS is based on a careful study of human behavior and scientific problem-solving, bridging applied psychology and practical philosophy. Drive Yourself Sane provides time-tested methods for critical and creative thinking and constructive communicating with a variety of problem-solving applications for mental hygiene, personal development, education, business, etc.

Easy to read book about Global Semantics. Why relevant? Because we often confuse the image of something with reality. And that is recipe for insanity. eg. Dalio has this "machine" analogy for mkts and the econ. Fair enough. But the econ and markets are much more: Living organism etc (good to use "etc" as it reminds oneself that it is a lot more…) There is a famous picture that shows an "apple" and underneath the painter wrote: "This is not an Apple."

Humbert G. comments:

Image v. Reality. Dialio is the perfect example. What’s with all the gloomy billionaires?

Larry Williams writes:

Dalio sure looks like a loser always bemoaning the world same as Cooperman how did these guys rise so far?? Then I have been accused of not being smart enough to put my feet on the ground if it weren’t for gravity.

Rich Bubb ponders:

I've been thinking that Dalio is using historical events to try to not repeat AVOIDABLE/PREVENTABLE mistakes. Yet the rhyming of those events is intriguing. Especially the given nature of Nature, current hot wars, insane debt levels, growing militarization actions, natural resource over usage/abuse, wealth distribution, Us vs. Them polarizations, etc. Yep, gloomy.

His 'machine' concept of the Markets & Economics is an "approximation of a likely future" (my words). The coincidences of the factors Dalio describes at some pressure point will often start Change Cycles. We've witnessed this in our own short-lived & humble lifetimes.

The problem is that 'history' will not exactly repeat in some-yet-unknown terms but might rhyme in concept. The timeline/s of historical examples Dalio uses for large changes is/are very long. And the salient concepts, e.g., reserve currency, debt irrationality, Dalio's Big Cycle (some spanning decades or longer), "Dynastic Cycles' Stages", etc., are historically documented and presented in "The Changing World Order" (2021). The tables and 'chartwork' are visual reinforcements throughout, yet intriguing patterns do persistently re-occur.

My takeaway is generally that Major Powers' (Markets, Econ, military conflicts, extinction-level weapons/WMD^6, etc.) either don't see the cliff they are eventually going to go over, or those major powers refuse to find solutions to the recurring Root Causes that Dalio writes about.

I'm not finished with his 'Changing World Order' book. From what I have read, Dalio seems to try to codify history into significantly huge cycles, leading to changes in the World's Order. IMO, given the current situation (in our time, i.e., now) it isn't too difficult to extrapolate what's ahead… gloomy indeed. Maybe Dalio is "gloomy" for one or more reason/s.

Jun

23

Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in medicine: A sudden and typically transient reaction (eg fever) that may occur within 24 hours of being administered antibiotics for an infection such as syphilis.

Application in financial markets? eg when a troubled stock sells off briefly after a new strategy or management is announced but the stock recovers after some 24-48 h carnage.

Asindu Drileba writes:

In The Education of a Speculator, Chapter 14, "Music & Counting":

Another frequent work I hear in the market is Haydn's Symphony No. 94 ("The Surprise"). The surprise is a simple fortissimo chord in the second movement, designed "to make the women jump." In a contemporaneous review of the work, a lyrical critic wrote:

The surprise might be likened to the situation of a beautiful Shepherdess who, lulled to sleep by the murmur of a distant Waterfall, starts alarmed by the unexpected firing of a fowling-piece.'

Two examples from currency markets:

1) Asia Currency crisis: When the Asian currency crisis of the 1990s was starting to manifest, IMF provided a loan to "stabilize" the economy. The currencies were stable for some time (the lull to sleep), then dropped by up to 80% in some Asian countries (the jump).

2) The Lebanese pound: The Lebanese pound remained very stable. Close to a flat line for 13 years (the lull to sleep), Then in Jan 2023 it dropped by 90% (the jump).

Equity Markets: "The best predictor that a company will go bankrupt, is stable income" — Nassim Taleb. Unfortunately its hard for me to get data on delisted (bankrupt) stocks so I can't test this. But the logic behind this reasoning is that, to provide stable income, corporations often optimise via unhealthy accumulation of debt, relying on a single supply chain (Apple & China), relying on a few big enterprise customers (Palantir & US Government).

While this optimisation makes it easier to milk profits that make a corporation look "stable" (the lull to sleep), it makes them more prone to catastrophic failure (the jump). A single customer canceling your service, trump tariffs on a single supply chain partner or debt unable to be paid may lead serious issues.

Jun

18

What exactly means this quote? I read of it years ago on a book about Medallion Fund but never understood if I got the meaning correctly.

We're right 50.75% of the time…but we're 100 % right 50.75% of the time. You can make billions that way.

- Robert Mercer

Peter Ringel responds:

my guess: trend following systems can have 40% win rate and lower. Yet via expectancy these sys can be very profitable. Medallion though, would do HF stuff, less MoMo.

Michael Chekalin comments:

Mercer refers to the consistency of Medallion. In other words, they are “consistently” profitable in the 50% area, which through proper money management, risk/reward, etc, can be extremely profitable.

Asindu Drileba writes:

I think its a reference to the "law of large numbers." Suppose you noticed the market goes up 51% of the time on Thursday. (for the 100 Thursdays in your sample dataset) This means that you will also loose 49% of the time. If you decide for example to only place bets for the first 20 days, you might have a win rate of 0%. All bets of the first 20 days can fail.

But the model will still be correct since you can make money for the subsequent 51 days and the lose money for the next 29 days — thus playing the market for all the 100 days (20 + 51 + 29). So your win rate will converge to 51/100 which is the same 51% you identified in your sample. You have therefore acquired 100% of the edge. I think that is what he means when he says "we are 100% right 50.75% of the time."

Nils Poertner adds:

Some specs have a 10pc win rate and do really well. Friend of mine was early investor in ETH in size- but all other of his ideas didn't work out. His nick name was "Harbinger of Failure." Kind of like the joke: "I told my friends I want to become a comedian - and they all laughed. And then I became a comedian and no-one laughed anymore." I often think about him now.

May

8

Bart Kosko came out with the "fuzzy thinking" quite a while ago. Some of his ideas are very relevant today.

Fuzzy Thinking: The New Science of Fuzzy Logic

An authoritative introduction to "fuzzy logic" brings readers up to speed on the "smart" products and computers that will change all of our lives in the future.

Of course, the P/L at the end of the day is either red or green- but life in general is way more greyish and shades. And the over-use of "black-and-white" thinking is also recipe for going insane (and that is easy to spot in some parts of society).

Big Al adds:

An interesting interview with Bart Kosko.

And here is his lecture as part of the Linus Pauling Memorial Lecture Series:

What is Noise? What is Signal?, Dr. Bart Kosko, University of Southern California

Noise is a social nuisance, a cause of deafness and high blood pressure, and an all-around annoyance. But what is noise really? As Kosko simply states, “Noise is a signal that you don’t like.” It occurs at every level of the physical universe, from the big bang to blaring car alarms. Today, noise is considered the curse of the information age, but, in fact, not all noise is bad. Debunking this and many other commonly held beliefs about noise, Kosko gives us a vivid sense of how deeply noise permeates both the world around us and within us.

Apr

24

Planck's principle:

A new scientific truth does not triumph by convincing its opponents and making them see the light, but rather because its opponents eventually die and a new generation grows up that is familiar with it…

An important scientific innovation rarely makes its way by gradually winning over and converting its opponents: it rarely happens that Saul becomes Paul. What does happen is that its opponents gradually die out, and that the growing generation is familiarized with the ideas from the beginning: another instance of the fact that the future lies with the youth.

— Max Planck, Scientific autobiography, 1950, p. 33, 97

relevance of how new ideas are being adopted in science, markets, everywhere.

Jeff Watson responds:

Science by consensus is not science. Just ask Galileo.

Pamela Van Giessen writes:

John McPhee wrote extensively about this and how the science of geology advanced over a few centuries in Annals of the Former World. Scientific community consensus is pernicious, and it is clear that there is mostly no convincing it.

William Huggins comments:

the foundation of science rests of replicability - anyone with the same data should be able to replicate results (even if they disagree about the mechanism). once replication is established, the difficult questions come from "is this data sufficient and representative?"; "is the data generating process stable or dynamic?"; "did i gather data in support of my hypothesis or to try to disprove it?". the fun stuff.

philosophy of science ensures we ask good questions and have good tools to tackle them with. this is why the Ph in PhD is short for "philosophy."

correction: "same data" is the wrong phrase - "equivalent, out-of-sample" would be a better choice of words.

Asindu Drileba writes:

The problem with the human mind is that it has too many glitches. You can verify data successfully and still be wrong. Here are two examples from Astronomy. First, The Mayans had models that would accurately predict eclipses. So, your data of when eclipses occur would replicate really well with their model. However the model of the solar system the Mayans used, had the Earth at the centre and the Sun revolved around it. The assumptions of the model were completely wrong, but the data (predictions) were accurate.

Second, is Newton's models, that predicted the movement of a comet accurately. Then you often here people say that Einstein proved Newton wrong with Relativity.

I think when it comes to science, explanations are very flimsy. What should matter is if the idea useful or not.

Francesco Sabella responds:

I think it’s a very good exercise to start from the point of view that our mind is bound to make mistakes, have glitches and start to work from that assumption; even if it’s not always true but it can be good as working hypothesis.

Big Al recalls:

Years ago, doing simple quantitative analyses to post to this list, I learned that one of the biggest pitfalls was my own desire to get a nice result.

Apr

14

Looking back at 2008

April 14, 2025 | 1 Comment

A Few Observations, from Victor Niederhoffer
October 12, 2008

1. Of the 100 biggest markets around the world, almost all are down 40- 60% in dollar terms with the exceptions' being Tunisia and Botswana. The impact of the decline this week, unless rapidly reversed, is going to be very severe on purchases. The previous 20% caused great angst; imagine what this decline will do to those who rely on retirements. The positive feedback of the decline in a negative direction also impacts the election results with every market decline making it more likely the Republicans will be blamed for the situation.

2. The worst aspect of the decline this week from a health point of view was that fixed income around the world cratered, thereby reducing world wealth by a good 15% as opposed to the normal situation where the equities go down 10% and the fixed incomes go up 8% leaving total wealth down only a little. And the people that talked about how bearish it was for stocks because commodities were up would never say that it's bullish now because commodities are down 40% over the past four months.

3. A new word should enter the market vocabulary, a waterboarding decline, being a decline that seems to have a breath of life at the open before going into a death spiral.

4. Because of the decline in all sectors, the wealth/price ratio has stayed relatively constant with corn, copper, soybeans, wheat and oil down 40- 50% since June 30, thereby keeping the number of bushels and barrels we can buy with one DJIA relatively constant, making the number of ounces of gold you can buy with the Dow less than 10 for the first time in a googol, and looking like a bargain for the Dow.

Cagdas Tuna writes:

The plan was to make US assets cheap and make everyone afraid to invest in them(thanks to VIX spike Monday). We all make joke of him but Trump’s post few hours before 90 days pause was the peak. Look at inflation numbers it is officially coming down as most companies were planning this sh*t beforehand. The more we see bad news the bullish stocks are.

David Lillienfeld responds:

You're making the assumption that we're done. I don't know that we are.

Nils Poertner comments:

in any case - def good to watch out for anomalies, or things that shouldn't happen and then they happen - and then there is more of it normally.

Jan

17

Why Scientists Are Linking More Diseases to Light at Night

Glaring headlights, illuminated buildings, blazing billboards, and streetlights fill our urban skies with a glow that even affects rural residents. Inside, since the invention of the light bulb, we’ve kept our homes bright at night. Now, we’ve also added blue light-emitting devices — smartphones, television screens, tablets — which have been linked to sleep problems. But outdoor light may matter for our health, too. “Every photon counts,” Hanifin said.

For one 2024 study, researchers used satellite data to measure light pollution at residential addresses of over 13,000 people. They found that those who lived in places with the brightest skies at night had a 31% higher risk of high blood pressure. Another study out of Hong Kong showed a 29% higher risk of death from coronary heart disease. And yet another found a 17% higher risk of cerebrovascular disease, such as strokes or brain aneurysms.

Nils Poertner comments:

Sleeping in a fully light-blacked-out room is indeed relaxing for the optic nerve and the brain.
That is why expensive hotels have proper curtains and cheap ones often don't. We can't change society but we can make individual adjustments (or at least at home).

Dec

12

Want to Live a Long and Fulfilling Life? Change How You Think About Getting Old
Research consistently shows our attitudes and beliefs influence our health and longevity.

Data is mounting, much of it from research by Yale epidemiologist Becca Levy, about the impact our attitudes and beliefs have on our health and longevity. Levy’s interest in the connection began in the 1990s, when she traveled to Japan to try to understand why the Japanese had the longest lifespan in the world. She was familiar with explanations that attributed this longevity to diet—Japanese people consume less meat, dairy products, sugar and potatoes than other wealthy countries. But what stood out to her was how the culture respected and celebrated older people.

“It struck me as very different to what I had observed in the U.S.,” she told me. “So I began to wonder if these positive age beliefs could contribute to the longer lifespan in Japan.”

Nils Poertner writes:

Psychology plays a huge role here - eg. excessive nostalgia means one does not appreciate the moment - in my view it is also linked to far-sightedness (went farsighted at the age of 15! which is rare and then recovered). there is somewhat a placebo in life - and the joke is on us really.

Big Al comments:

There are maybe complicated issues around causality, e.g., do people with a positive attitude live longer and better, or do people with underlying factors that promote health and longevity tend to have a positive attitude? But I will stipulate that we might as well try it. Which leads to the issue of people feeling like they have failed if they *don't* have a positive attitude. Perhaps as a way of avoiding this pitfall, we could be given information on how to *practice* a positive attitude. Then, over time and with practice, we might see a benefit.

Nov

2

And the law won

November 2, 2024 | Leave a Comment

From Big Al:

Campbell's law

The more any quantitative social indicator is used for social decision-making, the more subject it will be to corruption pressures and the more apt it will be to distort and corrupt the social processes it is intended to monitor.

Variation:

Goodhart's law

When a measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure.

Nils Poertner writes:

if one could find a way to increase the odds of Sod's law happening to oneself (trading or otherwise, outside trading). one could find a way to be less exposed to that law. don't have an exact formula here it is just a question.

This book The Improbability Principle: Why Coincidences, Miracles, and Rare Events Happen Every Day, by David Hand, did flip a lever in my brain many yrs back. in this book he described that we have an inadequate idea of probabilities and nature is far more dynamic than we think and that perhaps our own actions and belief systems play a much larger role…(btw, am not saying fate never plays a role)

Rich Bubb writes:

Having witnessed (pre-retirement in 2020) multiple project, engineering & quality failures related to Murphy and/or SOD variants, the engineering & technicians [and often-times myself] that had to deal with the 'Magic Wand' mgmt insane dreams-up are/is best avoided by 'stepping away from the problem, asap'. In some areas, this 'stepping-away' is also known as the "Do NOTHING Rule". Corollary: "Ain't My Job Rule."

Or, knowing that everything rarely goes according to plan (Unknown Unknowns), & expect something-to-hit-the-proverbial-fan. One method I used (more often than I should admit), is a Reverse Fishbone/Ishikawa Diagram. The method has the "Result" of anything going wrong replacing the assumed desired effect , aka the 'Fish-head', then working backwards trying to determine Man, Method, Environment, Measurement, Machine, etc., possible snafu's, & mitigate or pre-fix problems.

Sometimes the Reverse Fishbone is done after the problem is revealed. And the $$$ Cost of mitigation are sometimes 'argued-away' by the cost-benefit folks controlling the situation's budget. This is one reason many engineers fear &/or loathe accountants (but not out loud).

Asindu Drileba adds:

Sods law seems related to a set of precepts used in computer science called the Fallacies of distributed computing.

When building a trading system assume that;
- The market's returns will arrive at the worst possible sequence.
- Your orders will not get filled exactly the way you want.
- Transaction fees are going to eat all your gains
- Your broker is going to scam you (a là FTX)
- You trading system might go offline for arbitrary reasons
- Regulations might change against your favour. (up tick rule, no shorting stocks)

Building a trading system based on such pessimistic assumptions will actually result it a system that will go through alot of muck and still be reliable.

Aug

9

To be silent the whole day long, see no newspaper, hear no radio, listen to no gossip, be thoroughly and completely lazy, thoroughly and completely indifferent to the fate of the world is the finest medicine a man can give himself.

- Henry Miller

Nils Poertner responds:

Excellent. Media is like Queen Mab and we are Merlin - and Merlin had to learn to not care too much about Queen Mab…

Aug

8

I'd add that, in business and socially, don't "hang around" too long past appropriate. If you get the response you are seeking in a meeting, proposal, or discussion be courteous and respectful and get out of there. This is where Costanza had it right (his practice of leaving a meeting on a high note after a good joke). I found this to be a commercially, socially, and romantically valid concept.

Nils Poertner offers:

some may like the list that Gurdjieff gave to his daughter. (a number of overlaps)

Sushil Rungta writes:

I am quite mortified as I post this message but in the spirit of camaraderie posting it even though, in doing so, I am indulging in a little self promotion (totally unintended). I frequently write to my children sharing my experiences and what life has taught me. A very few of these I also publish on LinkedIn and Medium.com. Providing a link to two of these letters:

A Father's Message

12 Lessons from a Father

Hope you like them and please do excuse me for this immodesty.

Jul

24

‘Greatest Bubble’ Nearing Its Peak, Says Black Swan Manager

Universa’s Mark Spitznagel, who has made billions from past crashes, sees last hurrah for stocks before severe reckoning

Humbert H. asks:

His job is to make money on black swans, not to predict black swans. What kind of black swan is it if it can be predicted?

Asindu Drileba writes:

Black Swans are relative. If you have tail risk protection it means you are aware of tail risk. If you don't have tail risk protection, the notion of a "surprise" when it happens means you encounter a black swan. So Mark may be speaking form the perspective of those that actually don't think they will encounter a black swan.

Humbert H. responds:

Is there anyone who invests in the magnificent seven and NVDA in particular who isn't aware of their elevated valuations, possible bubble formation, and the risk of a major decline? There's some level of obviousness to warning people of this possibility. It's like he is suddenly preaching "past performance is no guarantee of future results" or "correlation does not equal causation". Is he doing this to help humanity? Someone will make more money and someone will make less money if they act on his warning, and there will be bagholders either way, so humanity will not benefit as a whole.

Asindu Drileba adds:

I think for his case, he is just marketing his fund.

Zubin Al Genubi observes:

Cheap Deep OTM puts are up 45% on a 3% decline showing exponential gearing in place from ATH as a directional trade or as a hedge. Surprisingly unidirectional.

Asindu Drileba expands:

His philosophy is more like that of "insurance" for stocks. I think Uncle Roy also has the same philosophy. I remember his describing portfolio protection akin to having fire insurance for your house. To benefit from fire insurance on your house, you don't need to predict when it will burn down. Just make sure you always have coverage for it. So most of the time, percentage wise, your predictions of having a fire are going to be wrong. He mostly advocates that everyone should have "fire insurance" for your portfolio.

To learn more about Mark's strategy:
1) A section called "The Forest In the Pine Cone" inside his book The Dao of Capital
2) His solution to the "narrow framing" problem
3) How he sizes his positions

Nils Poertner comments:

good to be open minded. that said: the more stories (like this one) we can read in mass financial media (FT, WSJ, etc) - the less likely this is going to play out anytime soon. "get the joke"

Humbert H. writes:

I don't think it makes any difference unless "everybody" has the opposite view of the future from what the market is doing. Every single day multiple people prognosticate both doom and gloom and full steam ahead. Since the motivation for this warning is clearly suspect this is white noise. But if his prediction comes true soon which it obviously has a reasonable chance of doing he'll be venerated for decades as the great prophet. This guy is clearly a disciple of Taleb, and they even collaborated in the past. Victor's take would be interesting.

Jul

17

I don't have much knowledge of foreign exchange, although I admire and envy people like John Floyd who do. In 2017 I was interested in the idea of using PPP (purchasing power parity theory) to select countries that might be good prospects for stock investing over a 4-5 years horizon.

Looking at 2 different publicly available PPP rankings I noticed that SAR (South African Rand) was considered undervalued approximately 50% (!) on a PPP basis. In addition after several years of mismanagement the country seemed ready for a turnaround (bad policies cannot continue indefinitely). I purchased some shares of EZA (IShares South Africa ETF) in October 2017 at 59.36 usd a share.

Today, 7 years later, EZA is at 44.32 a share. More interestingly SAR is considered undervalued by 52.5% (on one of the 2 rankings, I can't find the other at the moment) and has been one of the most undervalued currencies throughout this period.

My mistake was not to do a thorough historical study of stock markets of countries that are undervalued on a PPP basis, and giving too much credit to the academic theory that PPP undervaluations are substantially corrected in 4 or 5 years time. Clearly some countries (eg Switzerland) can stay PPP overvalued more or less forever, and some like SAR can be consistently undervalued more or less continuously.

I learned my lesson.

Humbert H. writes:

I have been involved in raising private equity funds for emerging markets (Asia, Latin America, and Sub-Saharan Africa) since 2004. I have been specifically focused on Sub-Saharan Africa since 2017.

In my view and the view of others who I know that have been tasked with raising capital for these markets over the past 20 years, investors in these markets have not and do not get paid for the risk they are taking.

Nils Poertner responds:

maybe you are right on SA. am interested in the liquid stuff - and that is already a challenge in some of the EM markets.

Bruce Kovner used to say that most investors never really practise much imagination and test new ideas- they tend to go along with what others tell them - and then repeat the learned ideas (as their own). keeping this in the back of the mind everyday (even intelligent ppl forget that).

H. Humbert comments:

Investing in places where property rights are fundamentally not respected just isn't worth it because you can't calculate the risk. I've always considered Russia uninvestable, had one Chinese stock, would never buy any stock in a country led by a dictator. I do have a Mexican stock but in general avoid highly corrupt countries. SA is just too full of crazies to calculate the risk. The US love of sanctions and confiscations of Russian assets and the desire to impose wealth taxes endangers property rights and thus the overall level of attractiveness. At the moment, looking what happened in France, that makes it un-investable. When an Antifa leader leader on the national security watchlist gets elected to the National Assembly and and admirer of Hugo Chavez and Fidel Castro has a realistic path to be PM, watch out.

Henry Gifford responds:

Investing in places where property rights are fundamentally not respected just isn't worth it.

Indeed there is no need to look to outside the US to find examples. Just buy an apartment building in New York City and try to make a profit with the politicians telling you how much rent to charge. A politician looks at an apartment building and sees the owner as one vote, but the tenants as a large number of votes, thus the politician "buys" votes by "giving" low rent to the tenants. A few years ago the property owners in California lobbied for universal rent control on all properties, and got it, out of fear of a worse version passing into law.

In general avoid highly corrupt countries: In New York City it is impossible to get a gas or electric meter installed without a cash bribe to a utility company employee, and almost impossible to get any improvement to a building, including a single-family house, past inspection without a cash bribe to a city inspector. And the sanitation police who come fine store owners $250.00 for a cigarette butt or a leaf on the sidewalk (or on the street within 18" of the curb) have been reported paying their supervisors to assign them to areas with lots of stores, not single-family homes, so they can collect bribes for not fining the store owners $250/day.

Yes, it is possible to do honest business in New York, but it is very, very hard. I have never paid a bribe but don't make nearly the money I would if I did. Things are getting worse this way in New York City, which is perhaps the future of the US as the idea that our chair says has the world in its grip gets ever more popular.

I think Mr. Humbert's advice is very wise, but amounts of socialism and corruption are relative - find someplace completely free of both and I will move this afternoon.

Pamela Van Giessen suggests:

Wyoming might be the closest we get to corruption and socialist-free from what I can tell. Corruption, tho, is hard to uncover from a distance.

Jul

9

I’ve posted a link to this documentary before but feel compelled to post it again for all of the newcomers to the list. It’s a great weekend flick, and covers a period when we used to do our business in the pits. There was nothing like it.

Floored - The Complete Documentary Film

About the film:

Floored is a 2009 documentary film about the people and business of the Chicago trading floors. The film focuses specifically on several Chicago floor traders who have been impacted by the electronic trading revolution and whose jobs have been threatened by the use of computers in the trading world. Directed by James Allen Smith, the film runs for 77 minutes.

Jeffrey Hirsch writes:

Thanks Jeff. Just sent it to my 18yo son who has been getting into the markets and trading.

Nils Poertner asks:

Were you a floor trader, Jeff, and if so, what lessons did you learn that helped you in trading electronically?

Jeff Watson replies:

Yes I was. The most important lesson I learned was to not overtrade.

Humbert H. comments:

Asking Jeff is he was a floor trader is like asking Paganini if he ever played the violin, asking Taylor Swift if she ever thought of making a living as a pop singer, or LeBron James if he ever heard of a game named "basketball". But what I really want to know Jeff is if you like to surf?

Jeff Watson answers:

I would love to surf, but my health won't allow it. We’re still a surfing family, but I just don’t surf anymore and am relegated to taking pictures from the beach.

Jul

6

I just listened to this guy who uses Credit Default Swaps for countries (sovereign CDS) as an indicator to evaluate if a country is good for tourism investments. He claims his methods can make between 15% to 20% annually. The person interviewing (Joe De Sena) was also a trader on wall street for 20 years and asked some questions I liked.

Do all countries have these sovereign credit default swaps? I did some Googling and I could only find a few dozen listed on here. If more countries have them, is there a comprehensive list where I can look them up? I need those of Kenya right now for example.

In this episode, Joe De Sena, chats with his friend Kalojan Georgiev, currently residing in Zanzibar. Kalojan provides an engaging insight into the untapped potential of Zanzibar as a prime investment destination and a wonderful place to live.

Big Al responds:

There is some web data.

Nils Poertner comments:

by and large, CDS on sov not really relevant at all for so many reasons. better to look at traded bonds in USD (or EUR) and look at volume, too. in any case, test everything!

Asindu Drileba adds:

I don't know if anyone here is following what's happening in Kenya but it's falling apart:
- They are heavily in debt (foreign debts are 65% of GDP)
- They government wanted to increase taxes to service the debts
- We are seeing heavy protests in Nairobi & other Kenyans cities
- The new tax Bills have been withdrawn
- Protests are still intensifying
- Interest rates on treasuries are at 19% (I often laugh when I hear Americans complain about 5% interest rates)

I just wanted to know how the Sovereign CDS are pricing the events or if the predicted them.

Nils Poertner writes:

plenty of opportunities coming for EM markets (listed equity) - one needs to do a lot of research, as always (and look beneath the surface and dig deeper and test ideas and express it in a trade and learn and so on). your search, Asindu is your search alone and am not laying out the road map, just saying it is possible.

Jun

29

Seen yesterday in Kona Hawaii, billionaire's playground:

1 private jet at FBO. Very unusual.

25% commercial vacancies in prime retail.

Tourism down 9%

(Galtonesque count)

Stefan Jovanovich comments:

ZAG's reports are a treasure - and a source of future profits.

Nils Poertner wonders:

easier to be bullish on European /UK equities than having bearish view on US stocks?

Jun

11

Wall Street’s Favorite Recession Indicator Is in a Slump of Its Own
Treasury yields have been inverted for the longest stretch on record

One of Wall Street’s favorite recession indicators looks broken. An anomaly known as an inverted yield curve, in which yields on short-term Treasurys exceed those of longer-term government debt, has long been taken as a nearly surefire signal that an economic pullback looms. In each of the previous eight U.S. downturns, that has happened before the economy sputtered. There haven’t been any glaring false alarms.

Now, though, that streak is threatened. The yield curve has been inverted for a record stretch—around 400 trading sessions or more by some measures—with no signs of a major slowdown. U.S. employers added a solid 175,000 jobs last month, and economic growth this quarter is expected to pick up from earlier in the year.

Big Al snarks:

If a recession doesn’t materialize soon, it could do lasting damage to the yield curve’s status as a warning system.

I'd hate to have to spend my day thinking up stuff like that.

Larry Williams writes:

A close up study of it shows it has often been way wrong—this is just one more time.

Nils Poertner comments:

As those "indicators" lose their importance, the more ppl (and WSJ and FT in particular!!) talk about it. "get the joke" Lack would have said.

Jeffrey Hirsch responds:

NBER that said 2020 was a recession. Fed started cutting rates in 2019 and the curve inverted then.

The recession lasted two months, which makes it the shortest US recession on record.

It is just a shame bond market traders didn’t tell the rest of us that covid was coming. And what about the 2 back-to-back negative quarters of GDP in Q1&2 of 2022? That looked like a recession as well IMHO.

Big Al adds:

The Fed (from before the GFC) says levels matter, too:

The Yield Curve and Predicting Recessions
Jonathan H. Wright, Federal Reserve Board, Washington DC
February 2006

Abstract:

The slope of the Treasury yield curve has often been cited as a leading economic indicator, with inversion of the curve being thought of as a harbinger of a recession. In this paper, I consider a number of probit models using the yield curve to forecast recessions. Models that use both the level of the federal funds rate and the term spread give better in-sample fit, and better out-of-sample predictive performance, than models with the term spread alone. There is some evidence that controlling for a term premium proxy as well may also help. I discuss the implications of the current shape of the yield curve in the light of these results, and report results of some tests for structural stability and an evaluation of out-of-sample predictive performance.

May

2

Smörgåsbord for the beginning of May

Zubin Al Genubi recommends:

Market Tremors: Quantifying Structural Risks in Modern Financial Markets

Clear exploration of potential causes of and prediction of volatility events caused by Dominant Agents. Explores imbalances created by ETFs ETNs Banks, FED Market Makers.

Asindu Drileba suggests chaos:

Doyne Farmer describes the relationship between Roulette Wheels, The Weather, Financial Markets, and Economies as a whole. He thinks companies that don't make the energy transition from fossil fuels will all go bankrupt in the next 5 years. He is also promoting his new book:

Making Sense of Chaos

Here is the discussion:

Simplifying Complexity: Making sense of chaos with Doyne Farmer

Nils Poertner points to probability:

Birthday problem

stochastics is really quite counter-intuitive - it deals with "uncertainty" rather than basic algebra or geometry which one learns in schools. good training ground for learning about markets as well. (always found that stochastics often attracts folks who are a bit off the normal conventions / and have an genuine curiosity in things rather than go with what is fashionable)

Apr

20

Copenhagen stock exchange fire: Spire collapses as historic Borsen engulfed in flames

a bad omen? ppl are way more superstitious than they like to admit…

Big Al adds colour:

Beautiful building!

One of the paintings that was saved:

From Copenhagen Stock Exchange (Danish: Fra Kjøbenhavns Børs) is a monumental 1895 oil on canvas group portrait painting by Peder Severin Krøyer, featuring 50 representatives of the Danish commercial and financial industries gathered in the Great Hall of Børsen (the Exchange Building) in Copenhagen, Denmark.

A list of building fires in history.

Apr

18

cf Sidney Homers' classic book, A History of Interest Rates:

Sooner or later every generation is shocked by the behaviour of interest rates.

!! (first ! is for me to figure out what it means, 2nd ! is one for everyone else)

Big Al adds:

What If Fed Rate Hikes Are Actually Sparking US Economic Boom?
A radical theory is spreading as economy defies expectations
‘The reality is people have more money,’ one convert says

One of the more bullish points is that a large block of homeowners are shielded by the effect of higher mortgage rates because they locked in low rates during zirp. In other countries (much of Euroland) with only variable-rate mortgages, the effect is very different. Something else that doesn't get mentioned is the covid stimulus. That money doesn't get spent just once. I asked Bard/Gemini:

Disaggregating the exact total for stimulus checks vs. business support is a bit difficult, but here's what we can find:

Stimulus checks: There were three rounds of Economic Impact Payments totaling $814 billion distributed to individuals and households. Pandemic Oversight
Business support: The CARES Act alone allocated $500 billion for various business relief programs, including loans, grants, and other assistance. This number doesn't include other legislation passed to aid businesses. The COVID-19 pandemic: The US economic stimulus program for businesses: The legislative response
Since some business support involved grants (essentially free money), it's impossible to give a perfectly precise combined total. However, you can be confident that the federal government provided well over $1.3 trillion in total aid through stimulus checks and business support programs.

H. Humbert reminds us:

Larry Williams stated quite some time ago that all the money being paid out in interest to savers is beneficial for the economy.

Apr

17

Bits and pieces

April 17, 2024 | Leave a Comment

Zubin Al Genubi on market prices:

Twenty S&P points used to be a good trading day. It still is, but now 50 points is the new normal. Need to recalibrate mentally and recalibrate old systems. It's a dichotomy between points and percentages as the prior Rocky/Vic argument discussed. The higher price has resulted in a stealth increase in leverage. Announcements widen spreads and create great small entry points. The FED speak traders are always wrong and offer great opportunity. Why are they wrong? Bad news is not good news.

I've read that the current market price is always right. I disagree. The market price is set at the margin by a few, maybe several hundred participants with a variety of reasons for transacting. The reasons are often wrong and the price is wrong at that moment. This can be used to advantage either in patterns prospectively, or in the case of liquidity holes on the fly.

Big Al suggests:

Daniel Kahneman on Cutting Through the Noise | Conversations with Tyler

Andre Agassi tennis hack against Boris Becker

Nils Poertner on effortless learning:

When learning a foreign language, we learn the best when being PRESENT and don't fret to get it right all the time. This being right puts a huge amount of unnecessary stress on the student. To some extent it seems the same in trading: we don't need to know everything in advance - far more important is to be PRESENT.

Easan Katir on an old book:

NHK offers a sensitive review of In Praise of Shadows. The book is by Juni'chiro Tanizaki, one of Japan's eminent novelists. Market relevance? One can muse on how much of market activity takes place in the shadows, the dark pools, the anonymous orders whizzing by on level 2… is there a shadowy level 3, 4, 5 where identities are revealed?

Kim Zussman responds:

Relatedly to spec interests, A Taxing Woman, a nice film about Yazuka/tax evasion at Nippon ATH ca late 80s.

Apr

16

Investors wrongfooted as ‘higher for longer’ rates return to haunt markets

Zubin Al Genubi asks:

Interest alone on US debt is 1 trillion dollars a year! Anyone concerned?

Larry Williams is definite:

NOPE. NOT AT ALL.

Art Cooper, however:

*I* am certainly concerned, in the long term. When the coverage ratio on gov't debt auctions drops close to 1.0, it will be time to take meaningful action, with a major re-allocation of investment portfolios.

Larry Williams responds:

Not to worry…says MMT guys…as long as we are not gold-backed $, it's all just accounting numbers.

Kim Zussman wonders:

Reallocate to what? (he says looking around twice with stocks near ATHs)

Art Cooper suggests:

There are a universe of hard assets out there, including gold (though GLD could easily go far higher). Because I like to emulate the Sage and shop in the bargain basement, I personally find extremely distressed income-producing real estate of interest. Babies are being thrown out with the bath water.

Larry Williams writes:

The public debt is just $ in savings accounts at the Federal Reserve Bank. When it matures the Fed transfers those dollars to checking accounts (aka reserves) at the same Fed. It's just a debit of securities accounts and a credit of reserve accounts. All internal at the Fed. When gov sells new Tsy secs, the Fed debits the reserve accounts and credits securities accounts. Those $ only exist as balances in one account or the other.

Asindu Drileba adds:

David Graeber once mentioned that the US can never default on its debts since the Fed is the largest holder of Treasuries.

William Huggins comments:

its not that the US -can't- default on its debts, its that 70% of those debts are to americans. so what is the probability of americans voting to default on themselves when they have the ready alternative of printing money? more important might be whether or not the 30% foreign holders will keep playing along but that analysis is an exercise in ranking "next best alternative" for them. when one starts looking under the hood at the alternatives, its boils out like china's bank regulator said in early 2009, "except for treasuries, what can you hold? gold? you don't hold japanese government bonds or uk bonds. us treasuries are the safe-haven. for everyone, including china, it is the only option: "we hate you guys but there is nothing much we can do."

H. Humbert replies:

The Americans would be about equally unlikely to default if most of the debt was held by foreigners. If you can print money there is no need to piss off any of your "customers". It's not like things worked out super well for Argentina, at least until they hit bottom.

Mar

29

Weekend reading

March 29, 2024 | Leave a Comment

Recent list recommendations:

From Zubin Al Genubi:

The New Money Management: A Framework for Asset Allocation, by Ralph Vince.

The Crowd: A Study of the Popular Mind, by Gustave Le Bon.

The Crowd. Must read. In crowds individual lose their intelligence, morals, and judgement and a new entity acts without credulity, irritably, and subject to whims, heroism and depravity.

1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed

William Huggins adds:

I enjoyed 1177 BC a few years back as it gave a general overview of the geopolitical state of play towards the end of the Bronze Age. It summarized most of the theories underpinning the "bronze age collapse" which occurred around that time and left less than half the "civilized" world in the state it had been a century before. Doesn't offer much in terms of new evidence but it a decent quick read.

From Nils Poertner:

Tech Stress: How Technology is Hijacking Our Lives, Strategies for Coping, and Pragmatic Ergonomics

Tech Stress offers real, practical tools to avoid the evolutionary traps that trip us up and to address the problems associated with technology overuse. You will find a range of effective strategies and best practices to individualize your workspace (in the office and at home), reduce physical strain, prevent sore muscles, combat brain drain, and correct poor posture. The book also provides fresh insights on reducing stress and enhancing health.

Dec

22

The Great Fire of 1910

A number of factors contributed to the destruction caused by the Great Fire of 1910. The wildfire season started early that year because the winter of 1909–1910 and the spring and summer of 1910 were extremely dry, and the summer sufficiently hot to have been described as "like no others." The drought resulted in forests with abundant dry fuel, in an area which had previously experienced dependable autumn and winter moisture. Hundreds of fires were ignited by hot cinders flung from locomotives, sparks, lightning, and backfiring crews. By mid-August, there were 1,000 to 3,000 individual fires burning in Idaho, Montana, and Washington.

same as in mkts- the longer the rally…might not be one major fire but more a series coming.

Perhaps the most famous story of survival is that of Ranger Ed Pulaski, a U.S. Forest Service ranger who led a large crew of about 44 men to safety in an abandoned prospect mine outside of Wallace, Idaho, just as they were about to be overtaken by the fire. It is said that Pulaski fought off the flames at the mouth of the shaft until he passed out like the others. Around midnight, a man announced that he, at least, was getting out of there. Knowing that they would have no chance of survival if they ran, Pulaski drew his pistol, threatening to shoot the first person who tried to leave. In the end, all but five of the forty or so men survived. Pulaski has since been widely celebrated as a hero for his efforts; the mine tunnel in which he and his crew sheltered from the fire, now known as the Pulaski Tunnel, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Stefan Jovanovich recommends:

Young Men and Fire

Gyve Bones agrees:

I was tempted to mention that book, which I enjoyed. I read it after reading A River Runs Through It.

Pamela Van Giessen suggests:

For a comprehensive look at the fire of 1910 and how it was fought (and lost), The Big Burn: Teddy Roosevelt and the Fire that Saved America, by Timothy Egan, is interesting.

Big Al points to:

Fire Weather: A True Story from a Hotter World

About the Fort McMurray wildfire in 2016.

Dec

21

Chris Alexander on architecture (ugliness, beauty and a lot more) and why it matters to humans. He taught at Berkeley, California. The immediate surrounding (office, residential place) probably also influences how we view the world (even markets). (I always preferred City of London - the old square mile - vs the new Canary Wharf buildings etc.)

Gyve Bones writes:
H.L. Mencken wrote about this in the Baltimore Evening Sun, and the column was included in his Prejudices: Sixth Series (1927):

I have seen, I believe, all of the most unlovely towns of the world; they are all to be found in the United States….Here is something that the psychologists have so far neglected: the love of ugliness for its own sake, the lust to make the world intolerable. Its habitat is the United States. Out of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty as it hates truth.

Nils Poertner responds:

imagine people would slow down a bit in their lives and appreciate some of the better architecture (it is not that we don't have it).

Larry Williams differs:

Right! Americans love ugly, hate beauty …that’s why we go to the Grand Canyon, Glacier, Yosemite, the beaches, and have great museums. Mencken must have had a very long nose to look down upon.

William Huggins comments:

Best view on neoism was Chris Beckwith in Empires of the Silk Road: A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present where he identified the problem as the belief in constant revolution, that there was no future unless the old was destroyed. This morphs into a fetish for the new, regardless of its merit. He clearly loves the classics and hates to communists for their desire to cast aside beauty for revolutionary.

Dec

18

Edison believed that the human mind solves problems best just after a person wakes up from sleep. When he was working on a difficult problem, he would nap in his office armchair and hold a steel ball in his hand. When he would start to fall asleep, his arm muscles would relax and the ball would drop from his hands and land on the floor. This would wake him up and he would find that he had the solution to his problem.

Salvador Dalí, the painter, also believed that interrupting the onset of sleep could make him more creative, and he held a heavy key rather than a metal ball.

Now, more than 100 years later, a scientific study has shown that people can solve problems better just after they awake from a nap as long as they wake before they fall into deep sleep (Science Advances, Dec 8, 2021;7(50)).

Edison was right: Waking up right after drifting off to sleep can boost creativity

Zubin Al Genubi suggests:

Why We Sleep: Unlocking the Power of Sleep and Dreams, Matthew Walker. Great book. Lack of good sleep is really bad.

Hernan Avella warns:

Matthew Walker book is ok in spirit, we all know sleep is good. I'm an athlete and try to get 9-10hrs, but on closer inspection, the book is full of omissions, misinterpretations and overstatements. See: Matthew Walker's "Why We Sleep" Is Riddled with Scientific and Factual Errors.

Nils Poertner writes:

when waking up during the nite more than once, it may be my position that I kept overnite. and during Asian times, mkts turned and I got wrong footed and next day will be brutal too. could be something else of course too but I give it some reflection when it happens. like Elias Canetti says: "All the things one has forgotten scream for help in dreams."

Easan Katir adds:

Not that I've solved any problem as great as Edison providing electric light for the world, yet I've found that pre dawn time between first waking and getting up best for solving business and life issues. I write down the solution so I don't forget amidst the daily cacophony of market news.

Dec

17

is as good/bad for the economy and stock mkts (as leading econ) as being sober is for the alcoholic. credit mkts will not like deflation.

Eric Lindell responds:

deflation poses the same problem as inflation — introducing random noise into the price system. With stable prices, producers know that a price increase signals increased demand for a product. Von Mises compares inflation to running someone over and deflation to running him over backward. January 2014 was the only deflationary month in recent years. Deflation as cure for inflation is bad mathematics.

H. Humbert asks:

But there is no deflation. Other than the Walmart CEO talking about some possible food deflation (which is not deflation overall) who has any original information that deflation is likely?

Eric Lindell responds:

Re MV = PQ, deflation would accompany decreased money supply/velocity or in increased output.

H. Humbert replies:

That's true, but not in itself predictive. Will any of these things occur and be strong enough to matter? All that can be said now is that there seems to be some evidence of disinflation, not deflation. I'll believe deflation overall when I'll see it.

William Huggins writes:

the reason we aren't likely to see it is the totem power of irving fisher who taught generations of american economists that deflation led to an activity-suppressing feedback loop. far be it from me to opine on the well-regarded analysis of a seminal thinker (for several other reasons), but it may be worth noting the source of this deeply held belief. as a result of fisher's expert authority, particularly among other influential economists like friedman, the view is profoundly held by today's cadre of central bankers whose playbook warns them that deflation will lead to the great depression pt 2.

historically, the US had a notable 20 year run of deflation in the late 19th century and the economy at the time was soaring. (very) reasonable arguments can be made for confounding factors like mass land seizures, new tech, reconstruction, immigration, etc at the same time but to bring it back to the basic monetarist framework (assuming stable V during the period), the economy could have simply been expanding faster than the money supply. the big difference with today is that the money supply has been untethered from physical constraint. combining (potentially) limitless quantity with a dread of not having enough pretty much assures the outcome.

interesting question arises when one thinks about palindrome's reflexivity theory, where systematic incorrect beliefs start to create new (unsustainable) realities that seem to defy physics and then burst suddenly. are the CBs doing enough to trim their BS and get the money supply under control? (M2 drifting back to that 6% annual growth since the 90s) but will the fear of deflation drive us too far in the other direction?

H. Humbert comments:

It's an interesting coincidence that the belief that deflation is bad for highly technical economic reasons that have nothing to do with unsustainable money printing, coincided with inflation being useful when said money printing occurred.

What Irving Fisher was evidently saying was that deflation is bad because it suppresses economic activity through some sort of a feedback loop. I think the deranged animals that advocate (or justify or fight any attempts to control) the kind of deficit spending that we have given the debt that we have don't like deflation because it would cause them to have to stop the spending a couple of years sooner than otherwise, hence they would lose their hold on power that much sooner, and that's all that they care about. Irving Fisher is described thusly in his wiki page:

Irving Fisher (February 27, 1867 – April 29, 1947) was an American economist, statistician, inventor, eugenicist and progressive social campaigner. He was one of the earliest American neoclassical economists, though his later work on debt deflation has been embraced by the post-Keynesian school. Joseph Schumpeter described him as "the greatest economist the United States has ever produced", an assessment later repeated by James Tobin and Milton Friedman.

So it's an interesting coincidence that the some progressive social campaigner economist found through his incredibly insightful, but totally politically unmotivated, theoretical work a formula that the animals need to stay in power.

William Huggins responds:

exactly - they will either inflate it away, or at some point engage in a selective default. that said, societies can go on self-financing for a very long time (japan) as much of that interest is being put right back in the pockets of americans. its not like the wealth is being disintegrated, its simply being moved around. i have no idea how to gauge the limit.

i wouldn't be so quick to dismiss Fisher's work simply because you dislike "animals" who are actually your fellow countrymen whom you disagree with (do americans really hate one another so much? is there another reflexive breakpoint that's much more important to watch for?).

my point was that he was very wrong about the 1929 crash and I believe his losses must have set a terrifying fear upon him when the markets didn't bounce back. hence deflation as his bete noir, not some silly "convenience" for politicians who weren't even a dirty twinkle when we wrote. the issue is inherited wisdom being unbalanced, not conspiracy most foul.

H. Humbert replies:

You may very well be right about his motivation, I just found it interesting. I hate inflation because it's unfair to people who are good, who behave according to what I consider to be good moral principles. It also hurts many who are weak, whether through no fault of their own or otherwise. But those I call animals talk about any feeble attempt to restore sanity to the budget as an attempt to simply stop the government from functioning, just because those who attempt it are somehow motivated by evil intent. Lying to keep power while destroying the country is despicable behavior.

Nov

16

Everyone went to Hawaii last year. They all went to Europe this year. Everyone drives the same vehicle. People love to follow the herd. Hedgies, quants, teckies all looking at the same data, same correlations, all doing the same trade.

Nils Poertner writes:

being in a herd somewhat offers protection and one can save energy - as our brains like to save energy (constant decision making and testing stuff costs energy and our brains are already weakened via e-smog etc etc).

as a trader though - one cannot make any money long term if one is constantly part of the group - one is more like that rabbit that is hypnotized with the headlight of the oncoming vehicle. so one has to find a niche. energy is key in my view- to keep the energy up - as traders often lose it as time goes by (maybe a talent to not give a f*** about anything, too).

William Huggins comments:

i would argue that running with the herd minimizes the energy lost scrambling in all directions looking for an edge. unless someone has a refined technique for discovering edges and implementing them, its hard to conceive that active selection would overcome the "drift of industrialization". numerous studies (most famously jack bogle's) have shown that buying and holding the index is just fine and does in fact make decent money over the long term. when you factor in the costs of active trading, you really need an edge to overcome the friction imposed.

clearly, both strategies can be successful but one requires much more skill (and earns commensurate rewards) so i think its misguided to suggest that "one cannot make any money long term" by following the herd. you just won't earn exceptional returns.

Nils Poertner adds:

I think it is time to sharpen up in coming yrs- the reality is that most folks in finance (in particular at large firms) really don't have special skills compared to other professions in non-finance (yet they get paid so much more). The whole financial system has just gotten a bit too big - and time will be for those who go the extra mile - and not sit comfortably and hope mediocracy will be work out. many things will change anyway…many….medicine got to change - see how unfit and mentally challenged most citizens are by now.

Humbert H. asks:

You think if they don't know how to sharpen up just getting that advice will somehow help them find the way? What exactly do they need to do?

Nils Poertner replies:

1980 - til 2021 - bond bull mkts and good for lev assets (private equity, real estate), neg real rates. easy money - favouring a few more than others. with rising nominal rates, that is going to change. (had a lot more in mind - people are somewhat depressed, highly suggestible, joy missing, too)

William Huggins expands:

predicting regime shifts (and their direction) has proven to be quite challenging so i would start by ensuring that one doesn't get knocked out of the game when they come (position limits with exit numbers away from rounds, etc). that way, you might at least survive the turn. resilience seems essential but people who only know one-directional markets don't put enough stock in it.

something related i'm teaching tonight is that people's beliefs always trump the facts. i don't mean pie in the sky fantasies, i mean what people think the facts are, and what the implications of those things should be. but when the herd's thinking changes, their volume moves markets. perhaps the key is to identify the early rumbling (or other signs) that precedes a stampede? i'm inclined to expect a high risk of false positives though as it is a well-worn strategy to spook the herd from time to time.

Henry Gifford writes:

I used to wonder how running with the herd helped animals in the wild. Sure, some will likely survive, but what is the incentive for an individual to be part of that large target?

Then I found out about one technique deer and many deer-like animals use. Someone, maybe a human who can outrun a deer on a hot day (furry animals generally can't sweat, people can, thus people can cool themselves very effectively). chases after a herd. After a brief sprint one member of the pack takes off in a direction away from the pack. The human or other hunter might choose to go after the individual animal, thinking it is easier prey than the pack, and safer because there are only four hooves to avoid, not dozens. But the deer aren't stupid - one of the fastest and fittest is running alone. After a while the individual circles back into the pack. Now the pack, which wasn't running fast, or maybe not at all, is more rested than the hunter, who ran a longer distance chasing the individual deer. Now the pack takes off again, with the hunter after them, then another fit and rested individual animal takes off away from the pack, again and again. I assume they have other strategies.

Art Cooper adds:

This is the mirror image of how wolves hunt their prey.

Humbert H. responds:

Being in a herd offers lots of benefits. Clearly there are lots of pairs of eyes facing in multiple directions to alert others about approaching predators and emit warning sounds. Also, many predators tend to surround a isolated victim for a few reasons, one of them being that it's much harder for an individual animal to fight back when attacked from all sides. Obviously it's almost impossible to use this method with a herd. It's also more distracting for a predator to have to focus on multiple targets. Large herd animals find it a lot easier to fight a predator while facing them and a herd can protect the backs of all of it's members.

Now being a part of a "herd" or market participants is quite different. Market participants have no incentives and, typically, means to protect each other, and metaphorical market predators, whatever they are, don't really behave like a pack of wolves or a pride of lions. It's much harder to jump on an isolated market participant, unless it's some "whale" known to be in distress, and distressed "whales" don't run in herds anyway. You often have no idea why a market stampede has started, so imitation is more dangerous than for a herd animal. All the physicality of being a grazing herd animal goes out the window and this analogy seems of dubious value.

Henry Gifford continues:

The discussion was about pack animal behavior. The description from the deer expert sounds like he was adventurous and curious and brave enough to chase a solitary deer. I don't think North American deer exhibit pack animal behavior - I've never seen them in packs, only family groups, maybe they don't form packs at all - I don't know. I wish I knew why some fish swim in a group ("school"), but I don't.

I think I can judge the budget of a zoo by seeing how many deer-like animals they have. Such animals look much like deer, thus my description, and presumably have evolved to survive much like deer: eating leaves and running away. Zoos that I think have low budgets don't have the interesting predator animals kids see in books, but instead have many deer-like animals with only minor variations from one species to another, from one animal enclosure to another. Suffice to say there are many animals in the world similar to deer, but which are not North American deer, especially in Africa, where many or all those species found in low-budget zoos come from. Presumably some run in packs, even if North American deer don't.

The story that humans ate by outrunning deer-like animals has been around a while, but was finally documented by anthropologist Louis Liebenberg, who reportedly, in 1990, witnessed human hunters !Nam!kabe, !Nate, Kayate, and Boro//xao run down antelope in the heat of the day in the Kalahari desert in Botswana. Please don't ask me how to pronounce those guys' names. One time when I was googling around on the topic I saw maps created with the aid of electronic tracking devices that showed one or more of the parties to such chasing running fairly straight for a while, then circling around, then straight, etc. I don't remember if the tracking device was on a human or animal or both.

Another method has multiple humans chasing a pack of animals. One human gets tired chasing the animal that left the pack, chasing it on a zigzag or circular path, while the other humans jog slowly, on a shorter route, following footprints left by the pack, and soon the animal that left the pack rejoins the pack while the pack of humans is very close to the pack, with only one tired human in the pack of humans. If Randy has tried that method it would be nice to hear how he and his friends made out.

I suspect all the above has implications for trading in the same sense others have posted about pack behavior and trading.

Those guys in Botswana have at least one of the three factors some say are the reasons why marathon runners tend to come from Kenya and that area (the Rift Valley). One is that their ancestors lived in a hot climate (Africa) for tens of thousands of years, thus they developed limbs that have a relatively high surface/area ratio: long and skinny, optimal for cooling, and also optimal for moving back and forth (running) with minimal energy (low WRsquared) compared to short, stubby limbs (similar to the physics of pendulums). The second factor is that their ancestors lived at sea level for thousands of years, thus they have the ability to produce more hemoglobin (moves Oxygen to muscles) readily when they are at altitude. The third factor is that they grew up at a mountain altitude, thus they developed large lungs. I don't know if the hunters in Botswana had any of the other two. A mass migration from sea level to high altitude is I think not so common (or people from other areas would also be winning marathons), but reportedly many humans ate via chasing down animals for many years, presumably many who didn't have all three of these factors in their favor.

Then there was the argument in a Welsh pub that led to the annual 22 mile Man vs. Horse race, run since 1990. I suspect, but cannot confirm, that alcohol was involved. Some years the humans win. The human ability to sweat, and therefore cool the body, keeping it in a temperature range necessary for metabolic processes to function (running, breathing, not dying, etc.), is key - presumably the humans would do better in a warmer climate or in a longer race. I think it would be interesting to track the temperature and relative humidity of different race years vs. who won, but I don't have the data handy, and don't know if it is available on a Bloomberg terminal.

Larry Williams writes:

Correct on deer. Antelope and buffalo go in herds-packs, if you will. so do elk - a beautiful sight to see as the bugle sounds.

Zubin Al Genubi adds:

The Gwich'in natives in the Arctic run down the caribou on snowshoes. Caribou bolt, rest, bolt. Man runs runs runs without rest up to 60-100 miles.

The caribou vadzaih is the cultural symbol and a keystone subsistence species of the Gwich'in, just as the buffalo is to the Plains Indians.[4] In his book entitled Caribou Rising: Defending the Porcupine Herd, Gwich-'in Culture, and the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Sarah James is cited as saying, "We are the caribou people. Caribou are not just what we eat; they are who we are. They are in our stories and songs and the whole way we see the world. Caribou are our life. Without caribou we wouldn't exist."

I met Sarah James and spent a week with her in Arctic Village and up at hunting camp. She is an amazing person. The villagers and tribe have a beautiful philosophy of life and respect for nature.

Rich Bubb comments:

the herding/grouping re/actions is/are common in so many species' game plans & their instincts, then there's their need to hunt, defend, fight-flight, etc en-masse because of their evolutionary status vs predecessors. Humans same; hopefully.

Pamela Van Giessen writes:

Bison herds are led by a cow. And when she decides to move, they all move. Quickly. You definitely don’t want to be in the path of a bison herd on the move. Elk herds will go around you or they will make you wait for them to pass. Antelope herds will outrun everything. More deer get hit by cars than any other creature (except maybe raccoons). Perhaps they are at higher risk because they do not travel in large herds. The type of herd matters. One imagines there must be similar parallels in the markets.

Rich Bubb recounts:

about those cute furry deer etc… having a mini-herd slam into vehicle on a highway is rarely something I can evade. Got Deer'd 4 times in NE Indiana, only?. I think 1 of the mini-herds died, the rest either bounced off or got bumped out of the way, which also? causes very extensive collision expenses! When a shifty insurance office-drone tried to blame me once that I as to blame for the deer-car (b/c I was driving the car, not the deer). After the ofc-drone ranted at me for while, I said, "Here's how much time I had react (GOING 55MPH), then slam the phone's receiver down on my desk, hard. The drone lost that one.

Steve Ellison understands:

I never hit an animal while driving, but once I was on a state highway in Idaho headed to Hells Canyon through a forest. A deer shot out from the trees on a dead run and crossed the highway some distance ahead of me. I only saw it for a second or two, and it was gone. I was lucky to see it from a distance, because it would not have been possible to stop a car traveling 55 miles per hour in one second.

Richard Barsom offers:

Turkeys, they are super smart. I mean despite their rather undeserved reps of being "Turkeys" . They travel in large groups but send scouts out in various directions. The scouts are usually so fast that they send hunters on a wild goose chase so to speak. This is done on purpose to alert the group and frustrate the we be hunters. You could learn a lot from a turkey.

Oct

18

The market trains you to do certain things. Like this year with long sideways or down, the market trains you to take your profits on an up move rather than hold for a bull run. Then after the traders are trained the market will throw in 7% up move. Then having suckered in the trend followers reverts right back to down/sideways normal action.

The market (or the exchanges/mmakers/exchanges) seeks maximal flow which occurs during sideways and down chop. Thus the greater part of the action is sideways (current regime). I'm wondering when the change in regime to big up move will happen.

Nils Poertner comments:

there might be pain coming for lazy thinker. Lazy thinkers are those who cut corners, maybe they are intelligent to some degree, but basically they rather copy and paste other ppls opinion (then delude themselves it is their own opinion).

Zubin Al Genubi adds:

Like the Turkey says its real hard to get back in once the big up move starts. Its so much easier to buy a falling market. Its also tough to hold for the continuation move up rather than sell the bounces as one does in the down move. One good sign is slicing up through the big rounds. The rebounds off the round in the down market usually ended up in a continued down move.

Steve Ellison writes:

Or as the Chair wrote about Steve Irwin and the crocodiles he had captured, those who try to take money out of the market using the same technique too many times will find an ambush waiting.

In the archives of the old Daily Spec site, search on "crocs" within the page to quickly find the original post.

H. Humbert writes:

Steve hired expert handlers for some of the more dangerous animals he filmed with. A friend worked for him many times and said he was very careless. One time on the Leno set, Steve got too close, and a large Gaboon viper struck at his leg and just missed.

The moral is don't play with fire if you don't want to get burned, and don't get too close to viperids with 3cm fangs (they are pretty though).

Oct

9

For the military guys here- does remote viewing work? friend of mine - a statistician - who was tangentially involved decades ago- said what is striking: "those who didn't believe in it - scored worse than chance". Can imagine that.

I go with the notion it may work in rare cases - but when it comes to forecasting mkts - one may run into many new challenges. probably takes time and would require years of training. not exact science anyway. could help with overall intuition perhaps.

Alex Castaldo is skeptical:

"those who didn't believe in it - scored worse than chance".

Trying to salvage something from a negative experimental result. Reminds me of "Well, our anticancer drug failed in a large sample test, but it seemed to work for left handed women between 65 and 75 years of age. That's very promising". Shifting the analysis to a question other than what was asked.

Nils Poertner responds:

for trading (or life in general) - it is good to be skeptical- and don't believe anything that comes along. on the other hand, one wants to keep the option of some (pleasant) surprises that one does not know everything. Controlled RV was used by the Military to my knowledge. that itself is a hint it may work.

Eric Lindell asks:

were these controlled experiments where either the viewer or viewed were in a faraday cage? Personally, I think there are two possible outcomes statistically: chance and not chance.

I'd like to see a rigorous study of remote viewing by those who don't believe in it — with faraday and standard scientific controls. I'd be surprised if it held up. You would need an objective measure of similarity of appearance between viewed and vision — which itself would be hard to gauge — statistically or even anecdotally. The faraday control especially is key to identifying the question itself — let alone its answer.

Humbert H. writes:

I've seen at least two Sci-Fi type movies where the remote viewer is tortured by all the evil he can see to the point of not being able to live on. I would say there are enough people in this world who wouldn't be troubled by seeing evil if they can become really rich, so I would say there is no real evidence of statistically significant remote viewing.

Steve Ellison comments:

There is a huge problem in academia, where the paradigm is "publish or perish", of research that can't be replicated. A 1940 study by Rhine and Pratt that found evidence of extrasensory perception was the original poster child for this problem. A big part of the problem is the traditional significance cutoff of p = 0.05. That's a reasonable starting point, but when thousands of researchers are working at any moment, 5% of their studies will reject the null hypothesis purely by chance. It adds up to a lot of non-replicability.

I have often thought that an advantage for those of us who are scholars of the market is that we don't have any pressure to publish and hence don't need to force dubious findings into practice. Instead of a pat on the back for being published, we get a cruel but not unusual form of "capital punishment" if our backtests can't be replicated in the market.

Anders Hallen actually finds research for critique:

Stock Market Prediction Using Associative Remote Viewing by Inexperienced Remote Viewers

Sep

18

remember the hype about Chat GPT some weeks /months ago? def for trading /investing - I doubt using that or any other program will help to master time ahead - prob a recipe for disaster at the end.

Peter Ringel writes:

I am still hyped! Hyped for boost in efficiency of the economy via AI. Not hyped for AI-trading systems! So far the training data set seem too small for AI - trading, thankfully. Together with what the Senator and others posted here: humans still beat skynet. Yet, I like to remind myself every day: the bastards are coming.

Hernan Avella responds:

So far the training data set seem too small for AI - trading , thankfully.

How do you figure this? Each trading day probably produces more than 100's million rows between trades and quote updates for all levels and exchanges, if you include futures, equities. I don't think lack of data is the issue here.

Peter Ringel replies:

I know even less about AI-coding, than about trading-coding. So everything is based on perceived experts. Thankfully, so far they are pessimistic.

Hernan Avella continues:

So everything is based on perceived experts.

The set of experts in ML-DL is very small, and the set of experts in trading is also small. I imagine the intersection is even smaller and more importantly, secretive. My suspicion is that the training set is more than enough, but the problem of ergodicity and stationarity (lack of) of the ever evolving competition are the culprit.

Peter Ringel responds:

I hope, you are wrong with this. But at some point you will be not. I speculate, that the "small" existing universe of trading history data + some sort of data - > model on human psychology - will be enough - will make us traders obsolete.

Peter Saint-Andre writes:

In my limited, non-trading experience with LLMs, I've found that their output reflects conventional wisdom. That might leave plenty of room for creative strategies outside the mainstream.

Peter Ringel agrees:

yes, they are regression x1000 on speed. so far feedback loops/ "reflexivity" kill it. As far as I understand.

Hernan Avella warns:

I would abstain from making any statements about the state of the art ML applied to trading, specially from a place of ignorance. Whoever works in this field (which there are only a handful in this list), and interacts with just the basic chat GPT 4.0, realizes immediately the productivity boost and immense potential to improve one's process. Only a moron would expect a good output from just feeding prices to the engine or asking simple questions.

Peter Ringel agrees again:

nooo! especially if you are ignorant in a field , better check if that poses a risk to your systems. I believe AI is a risk to traders. Here is a fact already reality: ChatGPT empowers people to do substantial back-tests.

Big Al adds:

And doing backtests poorly, or being improperly overconfident in backtests, is a threat to one's trading.

Humbert K. wonders:

With reference to the skynet, it is hard to guess if and when fully autonomous weapons will happen. My 2 cents is: Fully autonomous weapons will happen. There are debates as to whether we should let machines make kill decisions. I can say though our adversaries' weapons developments will not be bound in any way by any moral or ethical standards. If the bots can communicate with each other and collaborate to perform. When will they no longer need human inputs or interventions?

Eric Lindell writes:

There's a limit to what computers can do with the massive amounts of data available in countless categories. To find the perfect mix of factors to plug into a formula — if there is such a thing — would require a number of operations that increases exponentially with the data-set size.

Humans are good at intuitively navigating such complex search spaces. Computers using brute force just aren't powerful enough yet — and may (in principle) never be. That said, if a human comes up with a plausible conjecture relating stock picks with subsequent price performance, computers can certainly back-check the theory.

I'm working on one now regarding immediate post-IPO performance of stocks selected by certain criteria — criteria that aren't widely (or even narrowly) recognized for their relevance — pertaining to historical research of a revisionist nature.

Sep

7

talented musicians often have support groups, family, friends, even fans. Whereas in trading, when we screw up even a little bit (after many good yrs) the spouse will just throw us with tomatoes and if we are employed - our risk capital cut or we are fired. am half-serious here - being a trader is bloody hard. Very much under-appreciated.

Zubin Al Genubi points out:

We traders have the Spec List!

Jeff Watson writes:

In the late 70’s, I made it a firm and fast rule to never, ever discuss my P&L with my wife….or anyone for that matter. She has no clue as to my positions, and has no idea whether I made or lost money that day. Most successful guys in the pits were the same way with their wives. We saw too many guys complain to their wives, the wives got pissed and nagged them to death, and the negativity provided a catalyst for more losses. Many on this list adhere to the same rule.

H. Humbert comments:

As usual, Jeff speaks wisdom for the ages. The problem is that spouses typically can't determine whether fluctuations are short term, long term, relevant, or irrelevant. A few years ago, my wife logged on at the end of a quarter to get the account value for estimated taxes. It had been a very profitable quarter, but the account was nose-diving that day. I'll never forget her calling out "306, 304, 305, OMG 301, 299!!!" like some panicked automatic altimeter reading. Instead of "pull up, pull up!" she was saying "get out, get out!"

Hernan Avella asks:

To what extent can one really hide one's P&L with a life partner? It's evident when one is thriving. Savings balances, new properties, ventures, new toys, travel, charity contributions. Short term fluctuations are irrelevant, but at the end of the day you are making a bundle or not and your wife knows it.

Jeff Watson replies:

It works for many of us at this dinner party. When one is thriving, does one spend all that money, or does one keep their powder dry for the inevitable big hit?

Hernan Avella agrees:

Absolutely, cash management is an often-overlooked aspect that really demands attention. Think about it: How much opportunity cost are you incurring by running an extremely volatile trading operation that demands a surplus of cash? And man, those big hits? I've been there. It just makes the whole trading thing feel pointless. Ever wonder how many traders, even some big names we're familiar with, end up with lifetime records in the red? Imagine someone starting small, compounding at 40% for a decade, then raising assets 20-fold… and after all that, takes a massive loss. Poof! That trader hasn't earned a cent in profits. Sure, in the real world, they're pocketing yearly fees and stashing money away, but in the grand scheme of things, their investors are at a net loss. High Watermark agreements? Always a gray area. This industry has its shadows. At the end of the day, CAGR should be where our focus is.

P.S. As of now, even the most conservative brokers are offering intraday leverages around 15x for Spu, with a major chunk of the cash invested in bills. Despite a VIX hovering around 13-ish, in just the past five days, we've seen 6 moves that are 25 points or more.

Aug

23

Paul Tudor Jones used to say that whenever one of his portfolio managers was going through a divorce, he would pull his money. Sooner or later, he or she would drop some money. (fear/flight center activated)

Most of us may not go through a divorce, but I often wonder: In a car, that has an automatic gear system that has this one position that is hardly used. And it is called "N" for neutral. When we operate from a neutral/stress-free point of view, then we probably trade the best. (compare that with ppl who engage in endless personal drama or drag you in w emotional stories or looking for a fight.)

Zubin Al Genubi agrees:

Good advice. Don't trade during a life crisis.

Stefan Jovanovich writes:

The real gear heads among us will already know that "neutral" exists in automatic transmissions so that the driver has a positional clutch. Naval engine room telegraphs have the same feature.

Nils Poertner adds:

there is a fx strategist on twitter (I think he gets paid by some supra-national now, ex Goldie). anyway, he has strong FX views /shares data etc - and at the same time strong political views. I often wonder: how would he do as lone trader over time?

Aug

13

Inflation back up because fed has raised rates—when will they figure it out - high rates cause inflation.

William Huggins responds:

That's what Erdogan believed in turkey too but those beliefs crashed the lira. Rates (chosen) are a response to inflation (explicitly too).

Larry Williams replies:

Higher rates mean more money into the economy…hence inflationary.

John Floyd writes:

I think Larry probably has some careful thought or evidence behind this in and is not likely influenced by a Crucian Thanksgiving upcoming, MMT in the ‘hood or the like. I am not sure I agree given MV=PY, the collapse of M in the US, UK, Europe, rising financial stress, China headwinds, etc. But I would love to hear the other side.

Larry Williams responds:

MMT has some deep insights—rates cause inflation is one of them.

Stefan Jovanovich writes:

Apologies to all for what is another heretical comment from someone who thinks the United States lost its greatest advantage when it joined the other nations of the world in establishing a central bank as the issuer of sovereign currency IOUs. "Inflation" is always and everywhere a credit phenomenon; the supply of legal tender - the unit of account by which loans are measured - is never the cause. It is, as William implies in his remark about Turkey, the response; the hyperinflations in Germany, Zimbabwe and the moderately awful ones in Argentina and Turkey and elsewhere are not caused by money printing. The money is printed in response to the fact that the country's credit supply has been destroyed; all that is left is to run the rapid wheel of money supply. The prices for things have gone up because the Covid shutdown and regulations were the economic equivalent of a war; the regulations destroyed businesses (including our family office's last operating company; we formally dissolved at the end of last year because there was no reason left for us members to own securities collectively). The destruction reduced the supply; the transfer payments from Trump and Biden gave people the additions to their personal balance sheets that allowed them to spend more.

H. Humbert comments:

Only those with a lot of cash get more money, any new borrowers wind up with less money, and many potential borrowers are scared off by the high cost of debt. Do people with a lot of cash to begin with have a high propensity to spend their extra 2-3% after taxes, enough to compensate for the countereffects?

Larry Williams disagrees:

Wrong. The largest payer of rates is the Gummint -  it goes, one way or another to many. Soon I will post chart to prove point but look at Japan and low rates to inflation.

Nils Poertner writes:

we live in a predatorial world - in which inflation is obviously deliberately created to benefit some and hurt others. it still goes in cycles - eg EM fx and inflation - Turkish Lira and Brazilian Real the fx and inflation figures may go the other way - as in previous yrs…as those countries were pretty early w tightening and it is going backwards now.

Larry Williams responds [tongue in cheek?]:

That is so so wrong that someone causes inflation to hurt/help others.

Big Al posits:

Governments need inflation to reduce the future value of their present promises.

John Floyd writes:

There is a myriad more drivers in Japan both economically and culturally driving things. Debt, money velocity, ethos on bankruptcy, ethos on price hikes, demographics, zombification, lost decades. yes govt ownership of debt growth depends on whether money spent or saved.

While I on the topic, those are the headlines generally carried in Turkey and created the narrative; beneath that and related are many different ingredients that put Turkey where it is today, and those are the things to watch for a turn one way or the other; you can be sure the current leader is not going to do a public about face on the below causality belief system, but there are other things happening geopolitically and on the macro. I wrote in 2020 about the challenges; they are pretty much unchanged and give clues what to watch for.

Larry Williams responds:

Sure always drivers but some are race car drivers and mean more and as a general rule.

Stefan Jovanovich offers:

The NY Fed's definition of what they call Underlying Inflation

Their August 2023 reading of the UIG

Bud Conrad writes:

My views on what causes rising prices and declining purchasing power of the dollar:

I follow the simple axiom that inflation will rise when too much money is chasing fewer goods. (And the reverse). The rising quantity of money starts with Federal Government deficits: They print Treasuries to cover the deficit, borrowing new money they spend that exceeds taxes. Traditionally, the public would buy Treasuries to gain guaranteed interest. Banks did the same. When banks make loans they do that by printing money out of thin air given as new deposits at the banks for borrowers to spend; as for example in buying a house with a mortgage. As loans expand, money supply expands almost by definition. A few decades ago, much of Treasury issuance was bought by foreigners with the dollars they accumulated from their trade surplus from the US buying more foreign goods than it sold. The Trade Deficit became the support for the US government Budget Deficit. Foreigners took the dollars that exporters gained and exchanged at their Central Banks for local currency to pay workers, and the foreign Central Banks bought Treasuries. China and Japan had $1.3 trillion each in Treasuries backing their own currency issuance. But foreigners have begun to slow such purchases as they realize that the US dollar is not as good as gold. China has sold a third of its Treasuries, and Russia sold all of its holdings. So foreigners are not the buyers of our government debt now. They are trying to de-dollarize for both financial and political reasons, with the risk that if they turned to net sellers, they could drive rates higher. While domestic institutions provide some buying for themselves and customers, they are not big enough to cover all deficits.

In the current situation, of $ trillion deficits, the Fed becomes the "lender of last resort" that prints up new money to accommodate the new treasury issues, in the form of QE and expanding their balance sheet; which is accomplished by creating new deposits with which to buy Treasuries (and MBS). They increased the money supply, now by about $6 trillion since 2009. They supplied enough buying power that interest rates were kept low. Inflation as measured by consumer goods purchasing was commensurately low, because foreign consumer goods were manufactured in Asia at a wage rate of one fifth of the US. We could just print money to buy cheap goods. The government CPI is manipulated lower with hedonic substitution, calling technological improvements like more powerful computers as a decrease in price, and using rental equivalent housing prices. Their resulting measure of inflation is about half what it should be. Even more seriously: a comprehensive measure of what the dollar can purchase should include asset prices; namely stocks, bonds and accurate housing; and commodities like oil to be a more inclusive indication of changes in the purchasing power of the currency. We had low CPI but higher asset prices when the Fed forced rates below usual market levels, and that drove stock prices higher, (which is not included in the government inflation measure). In summary, the foreign expanded supply of goods kept CPI low, so inflation was below the expected growth in money alone might have indicated.

We are in a different world from before 1971 when international trade was settled in gold, and currency issuance was limited by having backup gold. Our government (and the rest of the world) are creating new deficits and new money at unsustainable levels. The expected new gold backed Currency from the BRICS is expected to replace the importance of dollars to world trade. Politically, the US dominance is declining with losing wars and over spending. Deficits will expand to cover the aging baby boomers demographics. The Fed will be creating trillions to buy the Treasuries to fund the deficits. This quarter Treasury funding is scheduled at $1 Trillion new money and Q4 is planned to be $800Billion (maybe more when the taxes slow in recession). There will be cycles, but the big move is to create new money by the government and banks which will decrease the purchasing power of the dollar in the decade ahead.

Summary differences from common beliefs:

1. Inflation starts from government deficits. (It is affected by many things, but this is the fundamental driver. (not wage push, consumer demand, price gouging, interest rates))

2. Cutting inflation requires less government deficit.

3. Raising interest rates by the Fed is not a very effective way to control inflation.

4. The Fed is forced to raise rates when government deficits and inflation rise; to keep the markets functioning so lenders get some real return. (Not the reverse)

5. We can get a slowing economy AND inflation together. With no anchor to the currency, this is the usual pattern and has happened a hundred times in many countries. (The opposite is expected in the Fed raising rates to fix inflation)

6. Inflation can go much higher than in 1980 when it hit 20%, because we have 120% Debt to GDP now, and it was 30% then. It took three waves.

7 Expect currency destabilization, inflation, and no deflation in the foreseeable future.

Zubin Al Genubi comments:

Credit creation cycle fuels inflation. As credit is given, asset prices go up at the margin. More collateral leads to more credit in a self reinforcing cycle. In contrast to financial assets, Prices of goods demand/supply curve is linear. Financial assets are convex crating booms busts. FED should focus on financial asset price not goods cpi.

John Floyd responds:

Look at money supply, fin stress indicators, consumer buying power info adjusted as savings rate is below pre Covid stimulus in many countries , etc…that will tell you a bit of odds of prospective future infl from demand side …supply side a bit trickier as reshoring, ESG govt led direction takes away Mr Smiths can’t see hand. Simpler equation is to ask how many times the CB’s get it right.

Stefan Jovanovich adds:

Goods can boom and bust because of the order cycle. Customers will double even triple orders on the upcycle and then threaten to pull them in the down cycle.

Aug

5

Trees, mostly

August 5, 2023 | Leave a Comment

old gray mare prob at 3-month hi at 35%.

Lott/Stossel: Election Betting Odds

books read this weekend:

The Hidden Life of Trees: What They Feel, How They Communicate - Discoveries from a Secret World

The Battle for Investment Survival

The Tree in My Garden

Trees: A Complete Guide to Their Biology and Structure.

i find the study of trees - especially how high they grow, and how they develop buttresses, and how they branch out and compete with other trees for light - immensely revealing for the various moves.

Big Al suggests:

The Age of Wood: Our Most Useful Material and the Construction of Civilization

Nils Poertner comments:

In many parts of central Europe, the Beech tree used to dominate the landscape thousands of yrs ago. Used to be well over 2/3 - and even today it is like 1/3 in Germany. Why? They tend to grow super and sort of take away all the light from slower growing trees. An oak tree would not stand a chance.

Gyve Bones suggests:

Long term strategy: planting a grove of oaks in a forest in France to be ready in 150 years to replace the roof of Notre Dame de Paris when it burns down.

Peter Saint-Andre offers:

Oxford's Oak Beams, and Other Tales of Humans and Trees in Long-Term Partnership

Peter Ringel writes:

For the last two years I am involved in a project for a German horticulture company. They mainly produce young plants of ornamental plants aka flowers. As a little side project (in early stages) they also produce Paulownia trees (as young plants).

Paulownia is the fastest growing tree in Europe. They originate from Asia. (Some criticize them as invasive species.) Typical commercial applications are wood for instrument manufacturing, wood pellets for energy production or particle boards. The wood is very light (caused by very fast-growing).

See a Paulownia grove.

Propagation is a little challenging. Usually it is done in-vitro via Biotec-lab, which we have. It is not the easiest variety for in-vitro. We also had some success to propagate via cuttings from mother plants.

Laurel Kenner comments:

Terrible idea to grow these, down there with tree of heaven, kudzu and bamboo. Yes, they are quick to grow, but also impossible to eradicate or even to contain. I am not an eco-hippie, just a gardener.

Zubin Al Genubi adds:

A friend planted a tree farm about 25 years ago with rare exotic hardwoods such as Koa, Bubinga, Cedar, rosewood, mahogany, ebony. It is a multigenerational project but some early woods are being harvested. Some of the rare woods will be very valuable as they are disappearing in their disappearing native habitat. There are numerous governmental grants benefiting the project as well.

Laurel Kenner responds:

I like the project. The idea is not to grow "trees" that are in effect big weeds. Pawlonia is illegal in my state, CT, as is Norwegisn maple, another nasty weed-tree planted in a less enlightened day because it grew fast. They often come down in storms because they're weak. One memorably crashed over my driveway in a big blow and its eldritch too brach rang ny side doorbell.

Peter Ringel replies:

Yes, storms are an issue, especially during the first years. My big mouth was referring to the EU government as hippies, because subsidies and grant policies are highly ideological here. Not referring to anyone else.

The church of Greens has Europe tight in their grip and currently they like Paulownia. There is a trend / hype growing. Other psalms the church likes are "renewable raw materials" or "CO2 neutrality". Paulownia fit these mantras. (plants eat and need CO2 to confuse the church)

Paulownia are not really new to Europe. Introduced to Europe 100 years ago or so. So far they were unable to survive in the European wild in size. Maybe because of frequent stronger winds? On a farm, as industrial product it makes a lot of sense to me. I am obviously biased here, because this would be our customers. It is a nice economic product. E.g. after about the first 2 years of growth, farmers cut them back near the ground level. This timber can be sold. They rapidly grow back and faster than without cutting. A case of eat your cake and have it too. One argument is, to use this locally produced timber instead of importing from South America, Asia, Finland or Russia.

forgot: Paulownia on farms are usually all clones of hybrids. Like a mule, they can not reproduce themselves into surrounding areas.

Vic's twitter feed

Jul

29

I see in media and real life so many people from Latam trying to get to the US (or Turkey to Europe). that said, local stocks indices and currencies of those regions perhaps present the better options than the US or European mkts? Check out some of the Brazilian stocks yielding up 20pc and lowly valued (trap?) - also Brazilian Real vs USD (or Turkish Lira vs Euro). Just an idea could be half-baked at this stage.

Hernan Avella responds:

Right now Latam represents a minuscule portion of the market cap of international markets, which itself is about 40% of world equities (float adjusted).

Chile .2%
Mexico .8%
Brasil 1.5%

This becomes a highly idiosyncratic bet, mostly on the currency. Unless you have some special edge, it's not a risk you are compensated for.

Nils Poertner replies:

maybe some of the indices can be looked at, and over time one can develop a bit of expertise, too. I kind of like the idea that Latam as a whole remains in a sort of chaotic state. unpredictable and a bit dangerous too. it works a bit as an entry barrier (not for all, but for some).

William Huggins offers:

jacob shapiro of cognitive investments does a good job following latam markets, which could help build some of that expertise over time. they have a free geopolitical newsletter each week with a macro edge to it. he used to have a latam focused newsletter but there wasn't enough uptake apparently.

sample of recent newsletter:

Brazil’s lower house approved a proposal to overhaul the country’s tax rules. Lawmakers voted 375-113 to advance the bill in a second round of voting. The plan still has many hurdles to clear. As a proposed constitutional amendment, it must win two votes in the Senate, and may have to return to the lower house in the second half of the year if senators make changes to the bill, as Speaker Arthur Lira expects. We expect it will happen. Indeed, I can safely say that we are the only geopolitical and macro sources I know of that has been talking about the importance of Brazilian tax reform — both to Brazilian voters and to the trajectory of the Brazilian economy — with such depth and passion. All credit to @Rob Larity here who has been on this from the beginning. De Gaulle was purported to have said, “Brazil is the country of the future…and always will be.” It’s not clear he ever said exactly that, but more important is that the future looks like it is finally here.

John Floyd comments:

Valuations in equity, Valuations in FX, Idiosyncratic commodity drivers, Brazil softs, etc. Political slide left all around, Monetary cycle was first mover up and now first mover down is a tailwind, reshoring FDI flows in Mexico (I know NA and not LatAm). Low index weights does indeed limit some larger flows.

A few liquid country ETF’s or ADR or local expressions of views available. Always the episodic risk both ways. lets see how Argentina may play out next 6-24 months for example.

Nils Poertner writes:

In a way, those countries are good to study for a number reasons. in a way they remind me of the future of US and Europe (money printing, elites playing ever more shenanigans, ordinary people not sitting in their own seats, completely hypnotized what is front of them, endless distractions). re investing/trading- yes, ever-changing cycles - I agree.

Jul

28

Scientists stand on the shoulders of giants and knowledge advances. Economists on the other hand keep stepping on the same rake. @GrantsPub

Bud Conrad writes:

The underlying science for Economics is not agreed upon, and so predictions are as often wrong as they are right. Economists spend lots of time criticizing each other. The different names for schools of economics are debated. No one debates what school of Algebra of Chemistry is right.

I spent quite a bit of time trying to fit data to the IS/LM model that is the bedrock of first year Macro Economics, and found it flawed. The most used book was by John Taylor (the Taylor Rule and one time assistant Secretary of the Treasury), and Robert Hall (NABE, and Stanford professor). I showed my analysis to Hall, who agreed that the model didn't work.

So it is not a joke about stepping on a rake. It is fundamentally an unsound intellectual base, that is the cause.

H. Humbert adds:

FWIW, even scientists don't agree when it comes to quantum mechanics. The 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics has been awarded to three scientists for their contributions to understanding quantum entanglement and advancing the field of quantum information. The existence of quantum entanglement proves Einstein wrong. If you care what that means, you can read the following. But I guess most on this list won't give a damn about quantum mechanics and not to mention quantum entanglement.

How Einstein challenged quantum mechanics and lost

Stefan Jovanovich comments:

Thx to KKL for making the point BC and I are sharing. The simple test of science is that its rules can predict the future successfully. We all accept the quantum theory's ability to predict motions in time and space so that GPS in our phones continues to work. Einstein was not "wrong"; his ideas "failed" to be a completely successful predictive model for everything we want to know. Economics has no successful predictive models about anything. If it did, our silk tie Marxist and others would make far less money as croupiers in the finance casino.

Peter Grieve writes:

Newton was the last alchemist. Einstein was the last classical physicist. He was wrong about a few quantum things, but right about so much.

In physics we talk about "background". Background is something that affects the world, but is not affected by it. The background is not a dynamical variable. God is background in most modern religions. A set of non-accelerating frames is background in Newtonian physics, along with a Pythagorean method for measuring distances ( "metric"). Einstein reduced the background by making the two things above (really just one thing) into dynamical variables. He also found a revolutionary new symmetry of the world, called Lorentz symmetry. This is everywhere, including in quantum theories.

I forgive him for being wrong about some quantum stuff. I share his distaste for certain aspects, but the mathematics of quantum theory is so beautiful. I don't think quantum mechanics can be a final theory. There will have to be something much different, and much better, still to come. Of course I'm speaking a bit loosely in the above.

Stefan Jovanovich asks:

Question for PG: What do you think of Dirac's criticism that normalization is "wrong" because it is ugly?

Peter Grieve replies:

I agree with Dirac. Feynman thought that the renormalization series actually diverged! The Hamiltonian diverges too, but physicists don't mind, because it works. Quantum field theory has a lot of ad hoc features.

The French mathematician Michel Talagrand often jokes about this sort of thing. He mentions "…the physicists' fairyland, where they discuss mathematical objects that don't exist, and even prove theorems about them!"

My wife's specialty is nonlinear differential equations. She uses the first few terms of divergent series also, and gets good approximations. Renormalization is ugly, but the rest is gorgeous.

Nils Poertner asks:

do you have any example/application for trading/investing - so there is benefit for a wider audience?

Peter Grieve answers:

Unfortunately, I don't. Perhaps someone at the dinner party might be stimulated by this thread, and further the discussion. Free range conversation sometimes has this effect.

Zubin Al Genubi comments:

Science is not what people agree on, it is only what can be disproven as random.

Kim Zussman writes:

What about quantum economics? Predictions are validated by going backwards in time.

H. Humbert responds:

If one is looking for short term trades related to quantum science, the short answer is No. If one is looking for emerging technologies that will give birth to new technology industries, there are indeed something there depending on the time horizon. You often see the average Wall Street analysts on CNBC throwing jargons like quantum computing around as if they know something. I can tell you they don't know squat.

If anyone is interested in where this technology is heading, you can perhaps watch this long video which is approved for public release.

Peter Grieve writes:

I recently learned that a derogatory graffito about my student residence at Caltech is written on the Moon. I lived in Dabney House, and at least in the 50s through the 80s the graffito "DEI" was everywhere. It stood for "Dabney Eats It". Apparently, residents of our house liked a food service item that other students found unpalatable.
Anyway, the astronaut Harrison Schmitt was also a Dabney House guy (before my time), and while he was on the Moon during Apollo 17 he scratched DEI into the Lunar surface.
There is also a story that DEI is inscribed on the back of the plaque on the Pioneer 10 or 11 mission. These plaques were intended to be a possible first written communication with alien life.

Christopher Cooper adds:

And as I recall, “Eats it Raw” was the follow-up phrase. Or, at least it was when heard in my House, Fleming (next door to Dabney).

Jul

14

like Sidney Homer used to say- "sooner or later every generation is shocked by the behaviour of interest rates."

Hernan Avella disagrees:

I don't think many people can be shocked, given the data we have from the 80's. Most asset holders are older folks anyways, that have the memories of the Volker era deep in their heads.

Stefan Jovanovich offers:

Edward Chancellor interview

High Interest Rates To “Slay” Zombified Companies | Edward Chancellor & Joseph Wang

Kim Zussman adds:

America’s Retirees Are Investing More Like 30-Year-Olds

At Vanguard, one-fifth of taxable brokerage account investors aged 85 or older have nearly all their money in stocks

William Huggins responds:

i suspect a good part of that boils down to how one's asset portfolio is defined. most studies of brokerage accounts don't account (haha) for the real estate, pension, insurance, or physical assets of those being studied. if most of my income is derived from a secure pension, its (mathematically) a pretty good approximation to drawing the yield from a large investment grade bond portfolio (less the liquidity). owning your home (usual by 85) would similarly constitute a "housing cost equivalent" yield, as would any reliable health benefits being drawn. seen in that way, one's discretionary funds being kept in equities would be quite reasonable.

Zubin Al Genubi reminisces:

Sure would have been nice to own 17% bonds. 5% not too bad though.

Nils Poertner offers:

Big investors rush into bonds after ‘cataclysmic’ year

Capital Group predicts $1tn will flow into debt markets in next few years as investors move to lock in higher yields

Henry Gifford writes:

In the 1970s my father bought some New York City municipal bonds. At the time there were rumors that the city government was going to go broke. I heard my father say “How can the government go broke? When they want money all they have to do is send people bills.”

The city government defaulted on the bonds. It was widely reported in the news as a disaster, with various solutions to the terrible problem proposed. I was only a teenager, but didn’t see a problem with the government not being able to borrow money any more. I still think it would be great. But, most people believed it was a terrible problem, with disaster looming.

My father reacted by buying more of the bonds – “default” meant they mailed his checks one week late. The bonds were triple tax free: no federal income taxes, no NY State income taxes, and no NY City income taxes. The bonds paid 28%. It was the only time in my father’s life that he borrowed money – to buy more of those 28% bonds. I have no idea for how many years he was collecting 28%.

I started buying apartment houses in Manhattan when I was 20. It was normal to pay 12% interest. One time I bought a small building – only four families – with the goal of replacing the 12% seller-financed loan with an 8% bank loan on an owner-occupied property. I moved into the building, fixed it up, but never managed to get a city inspector to come inspect and remove all the violations without inventing some new ones, as I never bribed an inspector. But for a long time I dreamed of refinancing a little bit of my real estate at 8%.

Nils Poertner responds:

tangentially speaking . we would need to have experience from bond traders of the 1970s and 1980s, today is more leverage though and we have more complex system so not sure how much that would really help. collective mind has been in a long mental bear mkts as well. we need nerves of steel in coming yrs and imagination.

Jul

6

how has the evolution of regularities in markets made it much harder to beat the 52% accuracy that no sports better can achieve to break even? one way is the ever changing relation between bonds and stocks between years. what else?

Larry Williams writes:

Crude's influence on stocks [has changed over time]

Alex Castaldo offers:

The Great Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008 revealed a number of regularities that (I believed) would be very profitable in the future, but careful monitoring of them after their discovery proved very disappointing to me. For example, trend following that would have gotten you out of stocks and back in during that decade did not work well in the Covid crisis with a faster decline and faster recovery.

Nils Poertner comments:

a mystery indeed - some folks have lousy accuracies (say sub 25pc) and still do well - since a few things they do on top turn out great, eg, the lousy equity trader who got into ethereum early enough (and out when others got into it).

Kim Zussman adds:

Yield curve inversion from 3 months and 500 points ago:

Hernan Avella comments:

Like sports, the evolution of markets is guided by the fitness of the players. We are not competing against prospective cab drivers trading in the pits anymore. But armies of highly talented people that invest thoughtfully and systematically in every step of the process: Infrastructure, trading business practices, research, execution, recruiting. I have a friend working in one of these highly capable groups. Around 70 people. All markets 24 hours, every single approach possible.

Very few of us from the old days survive. The Chair might be the oldest and longest lasting point and click trader. Such a great competitor!!! Ray Cahnman, founder of Transmarket Group is up there as well.

Vic replies:

the point-and-click survivor owes it all to Lorie and Dimson who taught there is a drift. also one learned not to succumb to conspiracies to margin one out.

Jared Albert writes:

Modern technology, particularly around real time customer segmentation and portfolio correlation, squeezed more value from the 'customer as the product' than before.

Jun

27

Ergodicity - odds of group equal odds of individual over time. Risk differs in coin toss and Russian Roulette due to absorbing barrier. Adopt strict risk aversion in trading. Survival is key.

Big Al suggests:

Luca Dellanna on Risk, Ruin, and Ergodicity
May 29 2023

Author and consultant Luca Dellanna talks with EconTalk host Russ Roberts about the importance of avoiding ruin when facing risk. Along the way Dellanna makes understandable the arcane concept of ergodicity and shows the importance of avoiding ruin in every day life.

Ergodicity: Definition, Examples, And Implications, As Simple As Possible, by Luca Dellanna

Larry Williams asks:

What the fun of life with modulated risk?

Nils Poertner wonders:

why do so many traders self-sabotage themselves (self-sabotage is perhaps a strong world but from the outside world it looks like that). some deeper religious guilt thing or so? addictions?

H. Humbert responds:

You can get your fun from winning instead of from the risk taking it takes to win.

Larry Williams asks again:

And how do you win without risking???

H. Humbert answers:

You can't. I was reacting to "the fun of life with modulated risk" comment. You can enjoy the risk taking part, the winning part, both, or none. To me, simply enjoying the risk taking part incentivizes the wrong thing, but enjoying winning, the right thing. You could say that simply enjoying taking risks will lead to winning but then every gambling addict would be a winner, so it's not that simple.

Zubin Al Genubi responds:

As a practical matter money management and convex asymmetric payoffs. Recognizing the risk and the extent is a big part of the puzzle. There is a large range from the coin flip to Russian Roulette not quite recognized by static statistics. The time element is important, hence ergodicity.

Larry Williams states:

Risk within reason but still risk - keeps us young!

May

29

in what other areas, apart from financial markets and sports betting, is there vig? and what is really relevant for everyday life? and how to avoid it?

maybe we don't see it that way because of Gell-Mann Amnesia affect.

Hernan Avella responds:

There’s a rich literature on rent-seeking behavior. It’s pervasive, Pharma, Telecom, Agriculture, Natural Resources. Not all lobbying is RS but the majority is.

Vic asks:

is there a universal law of vig where it goes to 2% in all activities like sports betting?

Jeff Watson offers:

I wrote this in 2009 about vig:

The Vig Keeps Grinding Away, from Jeff Watson

Steve Ellison comments:

Games that advertise that they're commission free usually charge the highest vig of all …

Mr. Watson's statement was written well before all the retail brokerages offered commission-free trading, which I contend simply means convoluted execution that costs customers much more than the $7.95 commissions that existed previously. "Where are the customers' yachts?", indeed.

Separately, the way the CME evolved is a good example of the Professor's constructal theory that all systems evolve to increase flow and velocity.

Hernan Avella disagrees:

Your insights on electronic trading seem to lack sufficient grounding. Abundant evidence disputes your hypothesis, highlighting the significance of the percentage extracted rather than the total volume. The evidence is clear that more opaque markets, like credit and emerging debt, are more expensive, for everybody except for a selected group that invests heavily in keeping the status quo. Electronic markets are more transparent, more anonymous, standardized, continuous, centralized, offer multilateral interaction and informationally more efficient.

Zubin Al Genubi responds:

Give the evidence then, if its so abundant, rather than your usual vague negative comments.

H. Humbert comments:

The beauty of long term investing is there's no vig and there are no taxes, other than once or twice in a few years.

The origin of the word is interesting. It's a Yiddish corruption of a Russian (or some other Slavic) word pronounced "vi igrish" or "gain", but it's more like "winning in a game", and the root means "game".

Alex Castaldo adds:

Interesting. The word can be found in online Russian dictionaries.

"vigorish" has a similar pronunciation, though the meaning has changed to be the fee for the game instead of the winnings.

Nils Poertner writes:

we want to battle against vig in all aspects of our lives. almost build a register where there is vig and share it with family and friends.

Henry Gifford comments:

Vig is one of the many things I find it helpful to view with an understanding of the laws of thermodynamics. The laws of thermodynamics describe the movement of heat in the universe, and because all energy is either heat now or becoming heat, they could be called the laws of heat.

The idea of “follow the money” to understand a system or organization or relationship is closely parallel by “follow the heat”, and heat follows clearly defined laws.

In approximate inverse sequence to importance, the fourth law says that if things A and B are at the same temperature, and things B and C are at the same temperature, then things A and C are at the same temperature. This is also called the zeroth law because it is so basic it should have been thought of first. The fourth law reminds me of the unlikelihood of much true arbitrage existing.

The third law says nothing can be cooled to absolute zero, because that would require something colder to absorb the heat, and nothing can be colder than absolute zero.

The first law says energy can neither be created nor destroyed.

The second law, most analogous to vig, says that heat always flows from hot things to cold things, and never flows the other way on its own. This law is the most profound, with many implications.

For example, one implication of the second law is that a car engine cannot convert all the energy in gasoline to mechanical energy - some will leave as heat that is not useful (except for heating the passenger compartment during the winter). Vig. A utility power plant burns fuel and about 31% of the energy in the fuel gets to the customer’s electric meter - 5 or 10% transmission losses (heat escaping from wires is “lost” - see first law), the rest is waste heat at the power plant. Vig. Various devices can reduce the amount lost to heat, but these devices have too high a vig themselves.

Big Al adds:

The first law makes me think of markets (not the Fed or banking) where money is neither created nor destroyed. For example, in the FTX collapse, the media talked about all the money that was "lost". But of course it wasn't lost, it was simply transferred from one group of entities to others.

Hernan Avella critiques:

This line of thought fails empirically when looking at deflationary crises, loss of crypto keys, central bank operations, bad loans, bankruptcy.

Henry Gifford responds:

Loss of crypto keys and central bank operations both follow the first law - printing money leads to inflation (if inflation is defined as a lowering of the value of money), destroying some of the money in circulation by losing keys, or destroying a dollar left in the pocket of clothing getting washed, increases the value of the remaining money.

I have heard the term “deflationary crisis” before, but don’t believe there has ever been a crisis whose root cause is the increase in the value of money.
In the saving and loan crisis of the late 80s, lenders sometimes asked borrowers to make sure they borrowed enough to make the payments for two years, as it was taxpayer money being lent out, and the lenders were collecting enough vig to make it worth going under I s couple of years.

A bankruptcy stops wasteful behavior, and the threat of bankruptcy causes people to take steps to prevent it. But I guess the waste in a government can continue forever, apparently violating the first law, while also proving that a perpetual motion mechanism really can exist, violating both the first and second laws.

Larry Williams comments:

printing money leads to inflation—data does not suggest that to be true

Mar

3

Night of Ideas
New York
Friday, March 3, 2023 | 4:30pm-12am

The Ukrainian Institute of America, 3rd Floor Library, 2 E 79th St,
New York, NY 10075
Talk
9:30-10:00 pm

Freedom, Beauty, Evolution, Nature
Adrian Bejan

Evolution is the defining phenomenon of nature: change after change, in a direction perceptible as ‘time’. Freedom is everywhere because design change is everywhere: inanimate, animate, and human. Power and movement result from the consumption of foods and fuels. Conversion happens in flow configurations (designs). Manifestations of movement are endless. Society is an earth-size organism, constantly morphing to provide greater access to what flows and lives. Society develops, moves, changes, and produces more when endowed with freedom, free questioning, and self-correcting. Nature is dynamic, free, always evolving: one law of physics (constructal law) covers all aspects of evolution in nature.

Feb

28

Self-Organization in Biological Systems

The concept of pattern-formation as a result of self-organization is common in such disciplines as chemistry and physics. For instance, in Chapter 1 we discussed the patterns formed by the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction, the ripples on a sand dune, and Bénard convection.

The challenge, is to see whether particular instances of adaptive, group-level pattern formation can be explained largely or fully in terms of a small set of relatively simple behavioral rules for members of the group. These rules are often implemented in the form of a mathematical model or simulation.

Interesting definitions found useful for markets:

A Pattern is an arrangement in time or space. It is created internally without external direction. It is created locally by individual element's reaction to nearby changes without larger awareness or control. The complex patterns result from simple local rules. Very market appropriate.

How does self organization occur? Random fluctuations and positive feedback can form patterns or trends. Humans follow rules, I do what you do. Sygmergy, information from work in progress, such as chart patterns, can accelerate creation of patterns.

Self organization in complex systems exhibits emergent properties known as changing cycles such as Bernard cells. Change occurs due to positive and negative feedback, outside influence, information from neighbors, stigmergy. Self organizing systems can be quantified and modeled! They tend to be stable but can exist in chaotic states, chaos meaning without pattern. Alternatives to self organization are: Leaders (powell), blueprint, recipe.

Nils Poertner writes:

probably a good book to read indeed - thanks for sharing.

yeah. in the human created world - we tend to think leaders run the show - and they do- to some extent
but obviously it is left-brainy to think that is all and not a way make money from (e.g ppl looking at the lips of Powell to trade the next tick…..close to insanity - that is). it is more a mass psych kind of game.

Zubin Al Genubi adds:

Schools of fish self organize to avoid predators. The are able to coordinate by the Trafalgar effect where communication with neighbors is fast like Lord Nelsons ships. Traders self organize - bulls v bears. What is their mode of communication? Volume, tape, executions, speed, change, amount of change, order depth, density of trades, resting orders, many others which could be quantified.

Nils Poertner responds:

fish don't get the clue from adjacent fish (alone) - - they "tap" in their common field (morphogenic field) of that special group - see Sheldrake on this note it is "same" time almost. wild animals have this super- power since they think less - thinking (the cousin is worrying) seem to interfere here (actually in theory humans have the same). can*t verify this but Sheldrake says: the idea is that the brain of animals (also humans) is more like a receiver and sender at the same time - sort of like a TV that emits as well memory is not in the brain per se.

Zubin Al Genubi replies:

It's possible to build a simple model for fish schooling based solely on reaction to the neighboring fish. I wonder if trader behavior might be modeled with similar simple parameters. Trader buys when other traders buy. Trader sells when others sell. Negative feed back starts as buying slows. Test parameters.

H. Humbert responds:

Morphogenic fields are contained within the organism and used for cell coordination such as embryonic development, so it's hard to believe that the fish respond to it as a group. As for morphic resonance pioneered by Sheldrake, while I think it's a promising idea that would explain a lot, casually using it to explain simple events without extraordinary proof is like using some random primitive god to explain natural phenomena. If he is right, than we have to discard most of our knowledge about biology, psychology, etc.

It also seems that modeling traders, many of whom are equipped with machine learning devices, and many who like to buy when others sell, as fish relying on a couple of sensory signals seems too simple to predict the future. Seeing clouds and predicting rain kind of works, but it's not a good starting point for weather modeling by an individual in modern times given the state of the art.

Nils Poertner replies:

Yes probably. But then a lot of older cultures knew it all the way already. see Amazon tribes people or study Carlos Castaneda. Sheldrake found some statistical evidence of telepathy in rare occasions. I don't know to what extent that is correct - for my own purpose I am interested in "intuition" which is somehow linked to telepathy eg being a tad earlier in mkts than others etc.

[Re: Sheldrake: below, a review of Sheldrake's A New Science of Life. -Ed.]

A Book for Burning? by John Maddox, Nature, Sept 1981

As things are, however, Sheldrake's book is a splendid illustration of the widespread public misconception of what science is about….Sheldrake's hypothesis is no better than the hypothesis that a person equipped with a water-divining rod is able to detect subterranean water as a consequence of some intervening "field" generated by the presence of water, and his proposals for experimental tests no better than the argument that since water-diviners succeed in making money, there must be something in the theory.

H. Humbert writes:

As I mentioned, using this theory without proof is like using some primitive deity to explain rainstorms and earthquakes. But I wouldn't be as adamant as the reviewer in attacking it. It has puzzled me for a long time that so many people somehow don't recognize that there is something fundamental missing about our understanding of reality, and different aspects of it. Like when people start talking abut AI becoming sentient while we have no clue about what it really means to feel pain or see colors in the human sense from any kind of scientific point of view (vs having some regions of the brain light up). Or what I mentioned about how various instincts/behaviors are inherited by animals. Like can 20,000 or so genes, mostly used to encode the creation of proteins, really transmit to animals what foods to like, how to have sex, how to be afraid of certain predators, how to fly south from Maryland to Brazil over the Gulf of Mexico and predict hurricane seasons fairly well, or a thousand other complex concepts. Or more fundamentally, what enforces various laws of physics over vast regions of space. So strange theories that try to explain the nature of the universe shouldn't be so easily rejected even if they lack in the scientific method orthodoxy.

Nils Poertner comments:

good that people here are skeptical. as always - for traders - believe nothing, verify things for yourself
(and start with things that are relevant and simple) and go from there.

Jan

2

I do not focus on foreign currencies in my trading. And there are people here, such as Mr. John Floyd, who are far more knowledgeable about FX. So some of you may find these thoughts a bit simplistic; keep in mind I am an amateur!

I believe that a factor that makes a country's currency attractive to investors is the success (or lack thereof) that foreign investors have investing in the country in question. We can gauge this success by using ETF's that specialize in particular countries. For example SPY measures the performance of stock investors in the US, while EZU tracks investing in Eurozone stock markets.

What do we see? In recent months EZU has been performing better than SPY. For example in the last 6 months of 2022 SPY had a total return of 2.03% and EZU 9.56%. For 2022 as a whole SPY -18.38% and EZU -16.67%, two ugly numbers, but EZU did better. (These numbers will change between now and Dec 31, but not by much).

In my view this kind of comparison (especially given that Europe did poorly the previous few years, so it's a remarkable turnaround) will attract additional US investors to Europe, strengthening the currency. That is why I am bullish on EURUSD for the month of January 2023.

Bud Conrad responds:

Your logic is that if the stock market of a country rises, the currency of that country will rise in exchange rate. In the early days of this Speclist, the chair would ask me if I had "counted" the historical experience, which you cite for the last six months and year, but usually you need something like three cycles of inflection to get confidence.

The more usual comparison for currency strength are the Interest Rate Parity, using the futures market expected exchange rate and the difference in Interest rates.

And there the International Fisher Effect, also described here.

Often international traders look at trade balances for the country that has a trade surplus to be more attractive so the currency might rise. Trade surpluses mean they are a lender and not in debt to other countries. The US is the world's largest debtor, but the currency has been doing well.

John Floyd writes:

Doc makes the broadest, cleanest, and most accurate point about what drives currencies: what are expectations for return by BOTH domestic and foreign participants, and how does that drive investment flows into equities, FI, FDI, etc, which shows up in the BOP and Capital Account - on the other side of the ledge is the Current Account and the Errors and Omissions.

Admittedly I don’t know much about currencies and this is the area I know least about, but flow data is well researched and document by many at banks, independent research firms, IIF, IMF, BIS, etc. One challenge is it is often very much lagged, so Doc’s idea of looking at actual market instruments makes sense, and this is often particularly useful for emerging markets.

Capital account flows can fund a current account deficit for a very long period of time. Look at the US now or look at the Asian Currencies pre the crisis: errors and omissions become important given capital flight, particularly EM. Think Russia pre ’98 and Swiss bank accounts, etc.

As Doc well knows infinitely better than me, we need some more data and this can all be tested.

More broadly, outside of equity flows, Bud’s point of interest differentials will drive some capital flows. Also consider FDI from Europe to North America to diversify dependence on European energy costs and to friend shore manufacturing capacity.

And I would be remiss to not mention Italy (sorry Doc). Italy is in a Euro straightjacket that not even Houdini could get of. ECB is tightening with inflation at 10%, Italy 150% debt to GDP, Italian per capita GDP is barely higher than when joined Euro in 1999, Italy needs circa $250 billion in funding in 2023, 10 year yields in Italy up from 1 to 4.5%, all Italy issuance past few years was essentially bought by the ECB. This is not politically sustainable. Just look at the evolution of recent German politics. The ECB’s TPI is there but is intended for temporary dislocations and will require Italian political concessions. Oh and Italy is 10x Greece and the world’s 3rd largest sovereign debt market behind the US and Japan.

Read the full discussion here with additional contributors and charts.

Dec

7

If Timing in mkts is everything - I mean everything - how can one improve it?

Few yrs ago, there was this mixed martial arts boxer called Chuck Liddell. He had amazing timing like no other one else had - and was mostly a counter-boxer. Eventually others figured him out but he has his run. He observed his opponents carefully- - and in the right moment broke the pattern and leaped forward when his opponent didn't expect it. Same parallels to trading mkts perhaps?

a - observe everything
b - develop a bit of courage for the leap (but only after a and plenty of practice)
c - practice.

William Huggins responds:

reminds me of Miyamoto Musashi's exhortation to his students that breaking the opponent's rhythm was the most important part of competition. He suggested a number of techniques (fight with the sun behind you, chase opponent onto uneven ground, stab at the face, etc) but I wonder if those are of limited applicability when squaring off against faceless (and innumerable) market-based opponents simultaneously.

his Book of Five Rings is hundreds of years old and thus free everywhere.

John Floyd writes:

Extending on your martial arts analogy….and bringing in the law of everchanging markets…timing is improved in terms of outcome and consistency if one recognizes and can adapt to prevailing conditions, using experience and intuition, and what tools to pull out of the quiver and employ.

This article from one of my teachers talking about my esteemed dojo mate Paul Williams is a worthy read on an application of timing.

Zubin Al Genubi adds:

One of Miyamoto's strategies was run, then suddenly turn and attack while fleeing. I've found it a useful trading strategy. He would also arrive to a duel early, or late, throwing off the opponent's timing.

Paolo Pezzutti comments:

Intermarket relationships can provide good timing. For example when bonds print a new 20-day it is quite bullish for stocks over the next days. Buy signal last Friday at the close. Since Mar 20 holding 3-5 days T-score up to 4. Last 10 trades after 5 days all positive. (Chart on TWTR.)

Dec

7

Watching Victoria via PBS Masterpiece sub, and it's shown that, during the 19th century, one treatment for syphilis was basically a mercury sauna, inhaling the vapors - yikes!

The history of syphilis is an interesting case for seeing how quack medical treatments, such as mercury, were applied and killed people even more quickly. Of course, one shouldn't judge too harshly as they were treating things of which they had no understanding.

The relevance to trading is that humans have an impulse, when confronted with challenges they don't understand, to resort to superstition and to believe anything that is claimed with great confidence.

Penny Brown notes:

Flaubert took the mercury treatment for syphilis and as a result his tongue turned blue.

Laurel Kenner adds:

Qin Shi Huang, first emperor of China, drank mercury-infused wine to attain eternal life. Rivers of mercury surrounded his burial chamber, a depiction of China. Qin died at 49.

Gyve Bones writes:

We saw examples of that in the recent pandemic. At first "masks don't work. Don't wear masks." then… "Everyone must wear a mask at all times, even alone outside or in a car." Then "The virus stops dead in the vaccinated person, who will not get Covid, and won't spread it to others." then… "Anthony Fauci contracts COVID three times, but is certain it would have been worse had he not been quad-jabbed."

Now there's this disturbing study which shows the effects on infant cord blood and their immune systems from mothers who have been infected with COVID.

Henry Gifford comments:

The early instruction for people to not wear masks was so that security cameras could see people’s faces. The police seem to really love security cameras with an enthusiasm that strikes me as going above and beyond any usefulness to “fight crime”.

There was the time a landlord in NYC put a camera outside a tenant’s door to prove if the tenant was using the apartment as a “primary residence”, and would therefore still be entitled to rent protection or not. The tenant’s boyfriend put bubble gum on the lens and was promptly hunted down and arrested and charged with every crime the cops could think of, with an enthusiasm certainly not caused by anyone’s love for a NYC landlord.

Not being seen clearly on security cameras was, if I remember correctly, sometimes even stated as the reason to not wear masks, which made me wonder – if they think masks work, more people dying is OK as long as people can be seen on cameras?

Pamela Van Giessen responds:

Henry — There exists decades of research that show that masks do not reduce transmission. I have yet to see meaningful evidence (research or real world) that shows that they do work. The current situation in China would seem real world validation of the lack of mask effectiveness. Lockdowns don’t seem to work much either. Most people don’t die from covid either. They don’t even get very sick.

Henry Gifford writes:

I tend to believe things if they can be measured, if the measurements can be repeated by others, and if they can be explained by the laws of physics. I tend to not believe anything not meeting these three criteria. As the owner and fairly regular user of over fifty measuring instruments, the measuring part often means measured by me.

Continued…

Nov

16

Tells

November 16, 2022 | Leave a Comment

i have been asked what signals Mr. Bankman gave of wrongness. khaki shorts, effective altruism, tremendous gifts to 46 and hope of giving 1 billion more, entire family interconnected in supposedly altruistic causes…virtue signaling - what else?

smartest guy in room, stanford professors in family, lover of video games, naming rites. frequent use of curse words. first name basis with head of sec. wanted to be first trillionaire, use of standard of silicon valley " it sucks" in "heartfelt" apology. walked out of meeting with regulators with one crucial demand " need more ubers".

Mr. Bankman's activities and interconnected firms has been compared to Enron, and Madoff, but I would add it to Bernie Cornfeld at IOS. the only thing missing is sex.

Barry Gitarts writes:

- Renaming Miami stadium to "FTX".
- Running a crypto company but sponsoring anti-crypto legislation.
- Talked about how they made so much money arbitraging the "kimchi premium", when no one else in the industry could get around the capital controls of South Korea.
- Badly out of shape and was always visibly shaking (now known to be a result of strong stimulants).
- Goes to congressional hearings with his shoelaces untied.
- Arrogant against critics online, tweets out: "Sell me all your SOL at $3 than F*CK off" in response to an account that asked him what is going on with the price of Solana which he is a big backer of.
- Only achieved a bronze level after playing the video game League of legends for years.
- Playing the video game he is so bad at while on important calls like trying to raise money from Sequoia capital.
- Claims to be frugal only driving a toyota corolla but lives in a $40M condo.

Big Al adds:

Misleading statements?

FTX US, Four Others Ordered to Correct FDIC Insurance Claims
Agency ramping up efforts to crack down on misleading comments
Follows similar action against bankrupt crypto firm Voyager

The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation issued letters to five companies, including crypto exchange FTX US, demanding that they take immediate steps to correct “false or misleading statements” about certain products being eligible for insurance protection.

John Floyd asks:

I find it interesting delving into how this can help us become better traders in large part by recognizing the human psychology at play here. Is it as simple as if it looks to good to be true it is? Or a filter on linguistic frequency relative to price movement? Or a filter on price movement relative to one's expectations of prospective fundamentals? I can remember being in a room of 10-20 people in 1998 and saying we all own 85% plus of Russia's local currency debt….is that a bad thing and what can go wrong?

Clearly there were smart and successful investors/traders who waived their usual safeguards….what can we learn from this?

Nils Poertner suggests:

I think every company, every group, etc should have at least one person (better a whole team) which only job is to constantly imagine the complete opposite of what the group is doing or thinking.at the moment…

Big Al again:

It also helps to have experienced people on board:
Ultimate Bet Scandal Lawyer Daniel Friedberg at Centre of FTX Crypto Crash

The poker world was shocked to learn that one of the main players in the FTX crypto crash is none other than Daniel Friedberg, the attorney who was in it up to his neck in the Ultimate Bet and Absolute Poker scandals of the late noughties.

Easan Katir writes:

An anecdotal tell with a sample size of one: When I was managing an emerging markets fund, while doing due diligence on the island of Mauritius I met a young fellow who looked a lot like SBF who was guaranteeing his investors that he would profit 50% each year. I advised him to never guarantee anything, since markets are…well, y'know, fickle. He didn't listen and kept repeating his guarantee, with the predictable result: big losses, angry investors.

What strikes me is the same body type: large round head, gangly, same slightly vacant expression… probably coincidence…

Penny Brown suggests:

All movie stars (Matt Damon) and celebrities (Giselle & Brady, Naomi Osaka) the new shoe shine boys Joe Kennedy warned against?

Vic's twitter feed

Nov

15

While Lance Armstrong was racing he tested positive seven times, but was let off the hook on technicalities, not all valid, each time. This was well known at the time, but few journalists mentioned it. As far as I know, among the few with the courage to mention it, none said “therefore he is cheating” or said “therefore he was cheating”.

During the years Lance and The US Postal Service team were winning The Tour de France year after year it was said that the team specializes in winning the team time trial (race against the clock) events that were part of the tour. As a former racer I wondered how that could be, as that event arguably does not require special skills different from the skills required for other events - probably fewer skills are required. I strongly suspect that they won those events with a lot of help from electric motors hidden in the bicycles, probably within the “disk” (streamlined) rear wheels. Maybe motor doping helped Lance in his other events as well.

Bo Keely adds:

i remember reading & studying something similar from you before. or, it could be that the electric clocks were fixed. a guy with a top hat used to walk through las vegas casinos & a device in the hat triggered jackpots to his associates. lance armstrong was the marty hogan of bicycling. people supported his cheating because they wanted a hero, and because his sponsors had so much invested in him.

Pamela Van Giessen writes:

The human animal craves heroes so we will go to a lot of lengths to support the illusion. Because admitting that heroism is an act, not a personage, is almost like refuting the existence of god.

Good people can do bad things and bad people can do good things. Too bad we have such a hard time wrapping our heads around this.

Laurel Kenner agrees:

Brilliant insight, Pamela. The idea is hard to embrace because it means confronting our own bad deeds. We all want to see ourselves as good people.

Nils Poertner comments:

in Vedic culture there is something like Maya- the fog …that we see through the world - everybody has a fog around him/her so we never meet - we just see through this fog…and some are more caught up in Maya than others.

Oct

27

really a sign for things to go other direction sometimes. eg, the moment Tchernobyl engineering team got awarded prize - 1 year before the disaster. your typical trader eventually buying his dream house or so and bragging about it to friends etc etc. maybe USD bulls brag now? or 30yr bond bears?

bragging is far more subtle than one imagines. most academics brag (via the number of articles they write), even in social groups they do (look how clever I am since I can do this or that or have this insight.)

sly traders don't brag as they prob have been alone in the trenches so many times, WW1 like trenches…its is cold there and dark and lonely :) so they kind of know.

Steve Ellison suggests:

There was a whole chapter about hubris, including statistics on underperformance of shares in companies that bought stadium naming rights, in Practical Speculation.

Stefan Jovanovich corrects the history:

The comparison of sly traders' adventures with WW 1 trenches has its own touch of hubris; it is also bad military history. The trenches were not "dark"; by 1915 both sides on the Western front had them electrified. They were not "lonely". That was the cause of the greatest slaughter.

Based on their experience in colonial wars, the general staffs assumed that packing men into dense line formations was the solution to holding ground. (Holding and retaking ground were the primary tactical objective for the Allies because they had already surrenders to much territory in Belgium and France. As much as the movies, then and now, want to picture the slaughter as a matter of men running upright across open ground and being mowed down by machine guns, that was the smaller part of the killing. 3 out of every 4 deaths and wounds on Western front were caused by artillery barrages against trench lines and rear assembly areas where troops were massed to rotate up to and back from the forward trenches.

Oct

5

In What Computers Still Can't Do: A Critique of Artificial Reason Hubert Dreyfus argued that an important part of human knowledge is tacit. Therefore, it cannot be articulated and implemented in a computer program.

first book was written in 1972. true back then and true today despite what others want to tell us. don't need a nano-second to know this by heart.

Zubin Al Genubi adds:

My theory is computer algos leave trails.

William Huggins agrees:

they always do. a friend who was at MIT for a few years had an interesting talk on algos and the firms tracking/hunting them.

Sep

16

Talking with strangers is surprisingly informative

"anybody knows more about something than you do"

Significance

Conversation can be a useful source of learning about practically any topic. Information exchanged through conversation is central to culture and society, as talking with others communicates norms, creates shared understanding, conveys morality, shares knowledge, provides different perspectives, and more. Yet we find that people systematically undervalue what they might learn in conversation, anticipating that they will learn less than they actually do. This miscalibration stems from the inherent uncertainty of conversations, where it can be difficult to even conceive of what one might learn before one learns it. Holding miss-calibrated expectations about the information value of conversation may discourage people from engaging in them more often, creating a potentially misplaced barrier to learning more from others.

Zubin Al Genubi agrees:

I've noticed people don't listen well. They often like to talk. Its good to listen and encourage others to talk and they think you are a great conversationalist. As Yogi Berra said, Listen and its amazing what you can learn. I have some good ideas but no one listens to me.

William Huggins adds:

2018's Nobel in econ went out (in part) for the endogenous growth theory, which posits that a good part of economic growth that isn't "more people" or "more kit" comes from the positive externality associated with education. Romer basically says that once someone learns how to do something better, we gain by having them tell us about it. people uncomfortable with updating their beliefs might avoid conversation and lose out as a result (value of keeping an open mind?)

Nils Poertner writes:

deep down it is probably that we are so excited about our own ideas (whether adequate or not) - that we often over-sell it to ppl in our own social circle. mea culpa. whereas with strangers it is often more a light touch - or an encounter that lasts a few minutes only and this lightness creates a magic…and a sparkle and that is all that is needed sometimes.

Gary Phillips expands:

I've always been a gregarious person, not because I am socially needy, but because I often find conversations with strangers to be an edifying experience. Quite instinctively I gravitate to the following people:

1) smarter / better educated individuals - if you're going to converse with someone, you might as well learn something. I love talking with my friend David, who is a Lubavitch rabbi. His knowledge of the Talmud is extraordinary, and its analogs to trading are remarkable.

2) older people - experience has given them a rational perspective on life and insights that are invaluable. My favorite encounter was with Lou Lesser, a L.A. real estate developer who was 93 when I picked him up in Beverly Hills and drove him to Laguna Beach. He regaled me with stories about his life, including personal experiences with Marilyn Monroe, John Kennedy, and Mickey Cohen. It was a ride I'll never forget.

3) tourists in the U.S. - talking with a 2 young ladies from Kyrgyzstan I met at a local bar in Chicago. Extremely intelligent and well educated, they were extremely critical of the lack of education and sophistication of the average American. They were completely shocked by Americans' lack of knowledge and ignorance of what lies outside of America. I was the only American they had met, who had heard of their country. Nevertheless, while they were very cynical, they were also beautiful, charming, and thoroughly engaging.

4) people from diverse and varied walks of life- if you are seeking a diverse experience with people of varying levels of social status, there's no place better than the joint. My 30 days spent incarcerated in the Montgomery County Correctional facility was not necessarily entertaining, but it was certainly educational. There's not much street cred to be earned jacking an O.G., so I was afforded a level of respect, and was able to engage and befriend various inmates, from incredibly disparate backgrounds and lifestyles.

5) people you meet while travelling- my favorite aspect about traveling is the ability to meet a wide variety of people. I have a tendency to let my guard down while traveling, and open up even more than usual. recent trips to Japan, Mexico, and Crete were made all the more enjoyable because of the people my wife and I interreacted with and met.

Kim Zussman responds:

Typically internationals - especially Europeans - look down on Americans in this way. As if the prize is not what you own but what (or who) you know (especially in France).

Funny thing is that in most countries outside the US wealth-generation efforts are futile because of huge governments and massive corruption. At least if smart people aren't allowed to become rich at least they can become educated, cultured, and erudite. Their educated-but-poor status is a consolation prize, and when they are here there is envy.

In the USSR the only wealthy people were in government or military - which is the same now with the addition of para-governmental oligarchs. You can be talented and work like the devil but if you're not connected you have to settle for Dostoyevsky and Dugin.

The problem with America is that, for the most part - less so in recent years - the main limit on your personal success is yourself. This is not very compassionate (elevation of failure), and is the fuel of socialism. We are ugly Americans for not expending formative decades on poetry, languages, and philosophy - but allowing people to compete in a quasi-free economy.

Pamela Van Giessen writes:

There are interesting people wherever you look for them. Especially in this day and age, no one place has a monopoly on interesting and clever.

Larry Williams agrees:

And they don’t have a clue where our state and cities are. Snobs for the most part Europe is not superior to much of anything other that Italian wine and food. It’s a worn out old lady that was beautiful in its day.

William Huggins asks:

Any Americans here happen to read Gustavus Myers America Strikes Back (1935)? He had a pretty savage takedown of European elitists that's heavy on economic history and well referenced. Much of the sentiment here echoes his charges.

Stefan Jovanovich notes:

Disdain for Americans at home and abroad is the oldest of all cultural traditions. It has survived the death of beaver hats, bustles and whist and shows no signs of decline. I think the scorn for Americans here in their own country has its root in bewilderment - how can all these fat stupid slobs have made their language and money the world standards for communication and exchange? Beats me.

Boris Simonder suggests:

A test would be to survey domestic population on domestic locations of cities/states. Who would do better since you mention location of cities/states? Jay Leno has some clips from his Walk of fame episodes.

High quality cars Larry, at least fossil, although EVs and H2 is up-coming and leading. Telecom networks, Beer, furniture design, clothing designs, Handbags/Cases, Trucks, Industrial/Electrical Machinery/Equipment, Pharma, Mineral fuels, Plastics, Optical/technical medical apparatus, Iron/Steel, Organic chemicals, Insulated wire/cables, Optical readers, Centrifuges, Electrical converters, Auto parts to name a few high value exports. EU accounts for approx 30% of total global export value. Just a tad more than Italian wine and food.

That old lady still has some of the most beautiful ones. Go visit Norway again.

Larry Williams responds:

I'll take the food! You can have the handbags and such.

— keep looking »

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